Atoms, drawing

Consider the molecule C3H6C12, which is derived from propane, C3H8, by substituting two Cl atoms for H atoms. Draw the structural isomers of CsH. ... 

There are three compounds with the formula C6H4ClBr in which two of the hydrogen atoms of the benzene molecule have been replaced by halogen atoms. Draw structures for these compounds. 

White phosphorus is composed of tetrahedral molecules of P4 in which each P atom is connected to three other P atoms. Draw the Lewis structure for this molecule. Does it obey the octet rule ... 

These molecules must be regarded as essentially nonaromatic, although with some aromatic character. Tropolones readily undergo aromatic substitution, emphasizing that the old and the new definitions of aromaticity are not always parallel. In sharp contrast to 44, cyclopentadienone (46) has been isolated only in an argon matrix below 38 Above this temperature, it dimerizes. Many earlier attempts to prepare it were unsuccessful. As in 44, the electronegative oxygen atom draws electron to itself, but in this case it leaves only four electrons and the molecule is unstable. Some derivatives of 46 have been prepared. ... 

Figure 3.1 Electrostatic potential maps for BF3, NH3, and the product that results from reaction between them. Attraction between the strongly positive region of BF3 and the negative region of NH3 causes them to react. The electrostatic potential map for the product for the product shows that the fluorine atoms draw in the electron density of the formal negative charge, and the nitrogen atom, with its hydrogens, carries the formal positive charge.

The procedure of Frost and Musulin can be adapted to chain systems with it bonding in the following way. For a chain having m atoms, draw a polygon as before, except it must have m + 2 sides. Disregard the top and bottom vertices and use only one side of the polygon where it makes contact with the circle to determine the energy levels. 

Examine the shape of the molecule around each carbon atom. Draw diagrams to show your observations. 

The analysis of vibration spectra proceeds by the use of normal modes. For instance, the vibration of a nonlinear water molecule has three degrees of freedom, which can be represented as three normal modes. The first mode is a symmetric stretch at 3586 cm , where the O atom moves up and the two H atoms move away from the O atom the second is an asymmetric stretch at 3725 cm where one H atom draws closer to the O atom but the other H atom pulls away and the third is a bending moment at 1595 cm , where the O atom moves down and the two H atoms move up and away diagonally. The linear CO2 molecule has four normal modes of vibration. The first is a symmetric stretch, which is inactive in the infrared, where the two O atoms move away from the central C atom the second is an asymmetric stretch at 2335 cm where both O atoms move right while the C atom moves left and the third and fourth together constitute a doubly degenerate bending motion at 663 cm where both O atoms move forward and the C atom moves backward, or both O atoms move upward and the C atom moves downward. 

Benzene, CgHg, is a common industrial solvent. The benzene molecule is based on a ring of covalently bonded Ccirbon atoms. Draw two acceptable Lewis structures for benzene. Based on the structures, describe a likely resonance hybrid structure for benzene. 

This anion, often loosely called a carbanion, is delocalised with the charge shared between the oxygen and carbon atoms. Draw arrows to show this. 

Exercise 2-1 Draw the Lewis electron-pair structure of 2-propanone (acetone) clearly showing the bonding and nonbonding electron pairs in the valence shell of each atom. Draw structural formulas for other compounds having the composition C3H60 that possess... 

Drawing (a) represents a mixture of two diatomic elements, one composed of two red atoms and one composed of two blue atoms. Drawing (b) represents molecules of a pure diatomic element because all atoms are identical. Drawing (c) represents molecules of a pure compound composed of one red and one blue atom. 

Protonation of the side chain in arginine occurs on the double-bonded nitrogen atom. Draw three resonance structures of the protonated product. 

Turning now to room temperature specific heat data, the author [Dole (1959)] has pointed out that the heat capacities per mole of chain atoms are practically the same for polyethylene, 6-6-nylon, and 6-nylon. In the case of polypropylene, however, the methyl side chain apparently contributes as much to the specific heat as the chain atoms. Drawing the polymer into fiber form seems to make very little difference in the specific... 

In the preparation of polyethylene, ethene molecules (C2H4) are bonded together to form a long carbon chain, with two hydrogen atoms bonded to each internal carbon atom and three hydrogen atoms bonded to the end carbon atoms. Draw polyethylene and explain why the formation of polyethylene is an addition reaction. 

Draw a three-dimensional structure for each compound, and star all asymmetric carbon atoms. Draw the mirror image for each structure, and state whether you have drawn a pair of enantiomers or just the same molecule twice. Build molecular models of any of these examples that seem difficult to you. 

From universal mind the first born atoms draw their function, whose rich chemistry the plants transmute to make organic life... 

From Universal Mind the first-born atoms draw... 

There are two possible structures of XeF2Cl2, where Xe is the central atom. Draw them and describe how measurements of dipole moments might be used to distinguish among them. 

For each formula, there are at least two different structures that can be drawn using the same central atom, Draw the possible structures for each formula. 

Which of the amino acids in Fig. 22.18 contain more than one chiral carbon atom Draw the structures of these amino acids and indicate all chiral carbon atoms. 

Enamines and imines are tautomers that contain N atoms. Draw a stepwise mechanism for the acid-catalyzed conversion of enamine X to imine Y., --- ... 

Deuterium is introduced into a molecule by using reducing agents that contain D atoms instead of H atoms. Draw the products formed when 2-hexyne is treated with each reagent (a) D2, Pd (b) D2, Lindlar catalyst (c) Na, ND3. 

Substitution of electronegative atoms or groups, such as fluorine or chlorine, in place of hydrogen on ammonia or phosphine results in weaker bases. The electronegative atom draws electrons toward itself, and as a result the nitrogen or phosphorus atom has less negative charge and its lone pair is less readily donated to an acid. For example, PF3 is a much weaker base than PH3. 

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