Oscillation atomic scale imaging

Atomic Scale Imaging of Oscillation and Chemical Waves at Catalytic Surface Reactions Experimental and Statistical Lattice Models... 

Atomic Scale Imaging of Oscillation and Chemical Waves... 

Part II continues with a section on various approaches and transitions. Chapter 6 covers polymer networks and transitions from nano- to macroscale by Plavsic. The following chapter is on the atomic scale imaging of oscillation and chemical waves at catalytic surface reactions by Elokhin and Gorodetskii. Then next chapter relates the characterization of catalysts by means of an oscillatory reaction written by Kolar-Anic, Anic, and Cupic. Then Dugic, Rakovic, and Plavsic address polymer conformational stability and transitions based on a quantum decoherence theory approach. Chapter 10 of this section, by Jaric and Kuzmanovic, presents a perspective of the physics of interfaces from a standpoint of continuum physics. 

In the microscopic techniques discussed above, the challenge was to visualize the atomic detail. However, in catalysis one also encounters phenomena that occur on the scale of micrometers or millimeters which ask for imaging. In particular, the ordering of adsorbates in large islands and the development of spatio-temporal patterns in oscillating reactions [8], This spectacular phenomenon has stimulated the exploration of imaging techniques that provide information on patterns on the micrometer to millimeter scale. 

Figure 4. Visualization of PARP-1-mediated chromatin compaction by atomic force microscopy. Chromatin assembled in vitro on a circular 10.5kb plasmid DNA was purified, incubated widi or without recombinant human PARP-1, and imaged by atomic force microscopy. Two types of images are shown scan probe oscillation amplitude (top) and topography (bottom height scale is indicated). The length scale is indicated. (See Colour Plate 6.)...

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a powerful method for imaging ultrafine structures of materials. In principle, TEM apparatus provides high resolution enough to observe molecules in subnanometer scale. However, it is not so easy, in practice, to apply TEM for imaging supermolecules on an atomic level owing to their thermal oscillation under the measurement conditions. Thus, TEM analysis of supermolecules has been generally discussed on a nanometer scale up to the present time. 

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