Atomic force microscopy morphology

Wilson D L, Kump K S, Eppell S J and Marchant R E 1995 Morphological restoration of atomic force microscopy images Langmuir 265... 

Roark S E and Rowlen K L 1993 Atomic force microscopy of thin Ag films. Relationship between morphology and optical properties Chem. Phys. Lett. 212 50... 

Annis B K, Noid D W, Sumpter B G, Reffner J R and Wunderlich B 1992 Application of atomic force microscopy (AFM) to a block copolymer and an extended chain polyethylene Makromol. Chem., Rapid. Commun. 13 169 Annis B K, Schwark D W, Reffner J R, Thomas E L and Wunderlich B 1992 Determination of surface morphology of diblock copolymers of styrene and butadiene by atomic force microscopy Makromol. Chem. 193 2589... 

The lithium morphology at the beginning of the deposition was measured by in-situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) [42], When lithium was deposited at 0.6 C cm2, small particles 200-1000 nm in size were deposited on the thin lines and grain boundaries in LiC104-PC. Lump-like growth was observed in LiAsF6-PC along the line. 

Surface morphology Reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) Atomic force microscopy (AFM)... 

Puskas, J.E., Antony, P., Kwon, Y., Kovar, M., and Norton, P.R. Study of the surface morphology of polyisobutylene-based block copolymers by atomic force microscopy, J. Macromol. Sci., Macromol. Symp., 183, 191-197, 2002. 

Diblock copolymers PEO-fo-PS have been prepared using PEO macroinitiator and ATRP techniques [125]. The macroinitiator was synthesized by the reaction of monohydroxy-functionalized PEO with 2-chloro-2-phenylacetyl-chloride. MALDI-TOF revealed the successful synthesis of the macroinitiators. The ATRP of styrene was conducted in bulk at 130 °C with CuCl as the catalyst and 2,2 bipyridine, bipy, as the ligand. Yields higher than 80% and rather narrow molecular weight distributions (Mw/Mn < 1.3) were obtained. The surface morphology of these samples was investigated by atomic force microscopy, AFM. 

The morphology of Prussian blue electrodeposited onto a mono-crystalline graphite surface was investigated by atomic force microscopy (ATM) and is presented in... 

The volume inside the semicrystalline polymers can be divided between the crystallized and amorphous parts of the polymer. The crystalline part usually forms a complicated network in the matrix of the amorphous polymer. A visualization of a single-polymer crystallite done [111] by the Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) is shown in Fig. 9. The most common morphology observable in the semicrystalline polymer is that of a spherulitic microstructure [112], where the crystalline lamellae grows more or less radially from the central nucleus in all directions. The different crystal lamellae can nucleate separately... 

A method in which the precursor solutions are successively injected into a cell containing the substrate and rinsed in between has been used to analyze the morphology of SILAR-grown films by atomic force microscopy (AFM).10 Recently, this approach has been applied to the growth of core/shell nanocrystals by Li et al.12... 

Figure 4.21 Atomic force microscopy images showing the morphology of coloured Si02-PMM A hybrid coatings with molar ratio formulation of 1 0.5 1.0 TEOS-TMSPM MMA, with different concentrations and types of colour (a) no colour (b) 0.17 wt% of blue colour (c) 0.83 wt% of green colour. The values of the r.m.s. average roughness measured for the three films was 0.47, 0.65 and 0.45 nm, respectively. (Reproduced from ref. 21, with permission.)...

The morphology of the organic films can be assessed using optical microscopy (in particular techniques such as Nomarski microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and surface profiling techniques). It should also be noted that the purity of the organic materials used is of crucial importance for efficient charge transport and emission in addition to the lifetime of the OLED. 

In addition to surface analytical techniques, microscopy, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), also provide invaluable information regarding the surface morphology, physico-chemical interaction at the fiber-matrix interface region, surface depth profile and concentration of elements. It is beyond the scope of this book to present details of all these microscopic techniques. 

The morphology of this supramolecular diblock copolymer library has been investigated by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements. As illustrated in Fig. 21, at first glance different morphologies were obtained for different compositions. However, interpreting the phase behavior of supramolecular block copolymers is not straightforward. There are several important parameters that play a role in the phase behavior. For instance, the amorphous phase of PEG, the crystalline phase of PEG, the metal complex, and the amorphous PSt contribute to... 

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