Atomic complexities singly charged ions

Fig. 5 CR complexity in product space neutral atoms and singly charged ions with nuclear charge Z. Atomic units (a.u.) are used...

The main aim of this work is to analyze the above-defined LMC, FS, and CR complexities associated to the one-particle densities in conjugated spaces, namely, position p(r) and momentum y(p) densities, as well as the product or phase-space distribution /(r, p) s p(r)y(p), for a great amount of atomic systems including neutral atoms (Section 2), singly charged ions (Section 3), and isoelectronic series (Section 4). 

CR Complexity of Singly Charged Ions and Neutral Atoms... 

A limitation of the SCSI-MS technique in its present linear RF trap version is the requirement that the mass of the unknown singly-charged ion be within the range (ca 0.3-3)ma, ion, where is the mass of the laser-cooled atomic ion, in order to achieve stable operating conditions with respect to the dynamical confining potential (see Section 10.3.1). With the availability of more atomic ion species that can be laser cooled, it will be possible to extend the range of masses that can be measured with the present complex experimental arrangement beyond the Mg and Ca ions that are... 

The Born equation is based on the simple model of a spherical ion with a single charge at its centre. Such an ion has no dipole moment and no higher multipole moments, but real molecular ions are of course much more complex. Since the electrical charge is distributed among all the atoms of the... 

The second structural type that can be formed where the cation is small relative to the macrocycle is a bimetallic complex where the crown contains two metal ions. One example is the disodium complex of dibenzo[24]crown-8 (93), where each sodium ion is bound to three O atoms of the crown. Such complexes are relatively rare, and usually limited to singly charged cations, presumably for electrostatic reasons. 

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