Atom-based magnetic materials

Important is the use of light rare earth elonents for production of hard magnetic materials. Most prominent are alloys of samarium with cobalt in the atomic ratio 1 5 or 2 17. It may also be assumed that in further development of these materials on a larger scale that praseodymium, neodymium, lanthanum and also individual heavy rare ecu h elements will be used to achieve particular effects. Interesting is the development of magnetic bubble memories based on gadolinium-galliiimrgarnets. 

Although many naturally occurring and designed materials are magnetic due to incorporation of paramagnetic ions or metal atoms, organic-based magnets are composed of molecules or (in the case of polymers) monomeric repeat units. Each molecule must have net unpaired electron spin density. Several example radical spin units are shown in Scheme 1. The unpaired spin may be... 

Keywords DPT Localized bases Atomic orbitals Linear scaling Semiconductors Ferroelectrics Metals Magnetic materials Zeolites Minerals Clusters Surfaces Interfaces Nanomaterials Biomolecules... 

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