Atherosclerosis Fibrosis

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a progressive disease characterized by the accumulation of lipids and the development of fibrosis in arterial walls. It is the pathophysiologic process behind cardiovascular disease whose clinical... 

Oestvang, J. and Johansen, B. (2006). PhospholipaseA(2) A key regulator of inflammatory signalling and a connector to fibrosis development in atherosclerosis. Biochim. Biophys. Acta - Mol. Cell Biol. Lipids 1761, 1309-1316. 

Congestive heart failure is common and is related to fluid overload, hypertension, or atherosclerosis. Some workers have postulated a uremic cardiomyopathy. The enhancement by parathormone of cellular calcium uptake may contribute to myocardial calcification, degeneration, and fibrosis (M26). There is a higher incidence of calcification of the aortic and mitral valves, as well as of visceral and peripheral arteries in association with uremic hyperparathyroidism (M13). In addition to PTH, middle molecules (B19), phenols (L3), guanidino-succinic acid (K5), or cobalt (P6) may contribute to the observed cardiotoxicity in vitro of uremic serum. 

Prevention of Atherosclerosis, Cancer, Fibrosis, and Neurodegenerative Diseases by Vitamin E... 

Elevated levels of 8-oxodGua were found in the urine and lung tissues of smokers [ 17] as well as in body fluids and DNA from human tissues of patients with disorders such as cancer, atherosclerosis, chronic hepatitis, cystic fibrosis, diabetes, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, neurodegenerative and age-related diseases [18]. 

All organophosphates recommended as pesticides are subjected to screening for delayed neurotoxicity through research into their influence on neurotoxic esterase, as well as in direct experiments on hens. Enough data have been collected to show pesticides as potential producers of various delayed adverse effects, which may be irreversible or somewhat reversible (atherosclerosis, hepatocirrhosis, pulmonary fibrosis, demyelinization of nerve trunks). These effects should be projected and considered in human health assessments of pesticides. 

In pyridoxine-deficient monkeys, vascular lesions have been described which resemble those seen in human atherosclerosis in gross appearance and anatomical distributation. Histological examinations reveal areas of severe fibrosis separating the intima from the internal elastic lamellae. Similar lesions have been described in pyridoxine-deficient dogs. No vascular lesions have been reported in rats, but hypertension has been reported. 

The underl5ung cause of most cases of cardiovascular disease is atherosclerosis [3]. This term describes the stenotic type of atherosclerotic disease in which fatty ( atheromatous ) deposits are formed in the intimal layer of the larger elastic arteries and certain muscular arteries, and interfere with blood flow. Further consequences of this process are fibrosis and calcification of the subintimal and medial layers, and in the narrowed lumen, the growing possibility of thrombosis, leading to total occlusion. 

Hey increased arterial SMC growth and collagen production. The addition of aquacobalamin controlled these effects (151). Diet-induced hyperhomocysteinemia in Apo E deficient mice promotes early atherosclerosis and plaque fibrosis, but does not weaken collagen or induce plaque rupture (152). 

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