Asset utilization ratios

Turnover ratios measure the efficiency with which an organization uses its assets. They are also referred to as efficiency ratios or asset utilization ratios. The two most commonly used turnover ratios are inventory turnover and receivables turnover. 

Asset utilization is defined as the ratio of actual output to maximum possible output. Some plants produce products whose demand is seasmial. During periods of off-peak demand, the plant may run at reduced capacity, causing asset utilization during those periods to drop to below 100%. 

Ratios well below 1 may indicate financial problems ahead while those substantially greater than 1 may point to poor credit control or under-utilization of cash. This ratio is sometimes known as the acid test . The principal profitability ratio in use is the net profit before interest and tax (NPBIT) to net assets or return on capital employed. 

Companies and management are evaluated on many outcomes and operations functions can directly impact a company s financial performance. Companies are evaluated on their ability to pay current bills, profitability, management of assets and debts, and the valuation of the company. Operations and supply chain managers have a significant impact on a company s cash flow, profitability, debt burden, utilization of assets, and its ability to remain in business. Operational decisions and actions will be reflected on a company s financial statements and subsequent performance ratios. Table 4.5 provides a summary of the performance ratios that were introduced in this chapter. 

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