Ashby alerts

Ashby J. 1985. Fundamental structural alerts to potential carcinogenicity or non-carcinogenicity. Environ Mutagen 7 919-921. 

Ashby, J. Clapp, M.J.L. (1995) The rodent dominant lethal assay a proposed format for data presentation that alerts to psendo-dominant lethal effects. Mutat. Res., 330, 209-218 Ashby, J., Brady, A., Elcombe, C.R., Elliott, B.M., Ishmael, J., Odnm, J., Tngwood, J.D., Kettle, S. Purchase, IF. (1994) Mechanistically-based human hazard assessment of peroxisome proliferator-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. Hum. exp. Toxicol., 13 (Suppl. 2), S1-S117... 

DEREK (also see Chapter 18) is an expert or rule-based system with a list of chemical substructures correlated with mutagenic activity [24], The model was built using published mutagenic mechanism-of-action data and a list of known mutagenic structural alerts derived from Ashby s list of DNA reactive electrophilic chemical fragments [2,24,25]. Because this is a rule-based system, the... 

A very effective representation of the structural alerts has been provided by Ashby [Ashby, 1985 Ashby and Tennant, 1988] in the form of a hypothetical poly-carcinogen chemical comprised of most of the known SAs (Figure P2). In Table Pll, the structural alert groups are collected. 

Table PIT Structural alerts proposed by Ashby [Ashby, 1985 Ashby and Tennant, 1988].

It s been recognized for a long time that certain structural features can predispose a compound to mutagenicity. Think mutagen, and the words nitroso and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) will likely come to mind. In the mid 1980s Dr. John Ashby introduced alerts to structural features associated with carcinogens. More recently a nice structural analysis of over 4000 compounds for which Ames test data were available was... 

Fig. 9.5. A supemnolecule for the assessment of structural alerts for toxicity (from Tennant and Ashby 1991, with permission of Elsevier Science).

Fig. 11.4 Ashby s Structural Alerts (adaptation from original drawing by (Ashby and Tennant 1988) appearing in (Benigni and Bossa 2006). Credit Republished with permission from Bentham Science Publishers, from Benigni and Bossa (2006, Fig. 1), Copyright 2(X)6...

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