Aryl groups, neighbouring group

One of the more common cyclization processes of phenols is the formation of the phenanthrene skeleton. These processes utilize the fission of a C—X bond to yield aryl radicals that then attack a neighbouring aryl group. Typical of this is the bromo or iodo derivative of 208 that cyclizes to afford the lactam 209 in moderate yields . The... 

Cyclization. A kinetic study on the rates of jff-chloroethylamine cyclization to aziridines revealed the role of neighbouring aryl group participation, and led to the postulation of a reaction scheme which explains the salt effects, the activation parameters, and the changes in rates. The Gabriel synthesis has been applied to a-chloroamides in the presence of potassium t-butoxide to yield 3-(l-adamantyl)aziridinones (211) accompanied by a low yield of the... 

Alvaro, M., Garda, H., Miranda, M. A., and Primo, J., Neighbouring group partidpation in the photol) is of aryl esters of unsaturated 1,4-dicarboxylic acids. Red. Trav. Chim. Pays-Bas, 105,233,... 

Aminolysis of phenyl dithioacetates,8 pyridinolysis of O-ethyl dithiocarbonates,9 reaction of pyrrolidine with O-ethyl 5-aryl dithiocarbonates,10 aminolysis of chlorothionformates,11 pyridinolysis of alkyl aryl thioncarbonates,12 reaction of anionic nucleophiles with nitrophenyl benzoate and its sulfur analogues,36 hydrolysis of methyl benzoate and phenyl acetate containing SMe, SOMe and S02Me substituents,42 solvolysis of phenyl chlorothioformate,79 synthesis of new thiadiazoles,124 examination of a neighbouring sulfonium group in ester hydrolysis,136 hydrolysis of V-type nerve agents,250 and the reactions of peroxymonosulfate ion with phosphorus(V) esters have all been looked at previously in this review. 

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