Aryl dialdehyde

C=N bonds in acylhydrazone groups, which are formed by the condensation of hydrazides with carbonyl groups, exhibit reversibility under mild conditions. Like polyimines, polymers with acylhydrazone functionalities exhibit dynamic aspects through the reversibihty of the azomethine bond. Skene and Lehn have reported the synthesis of polyacylhydrazones and their dynamic features (Scheme 8.3) [23]. High molecular weight polyacylhydrazone 13 was prepared by the condensation of the corresponding dihydrazide and dialdehyde in the presence of an acid catalyst. When 13 was treated with aryl dialdehyde 14 or aryl dihydrazide 15 in... 

A new synthetic approach to polycyclic aromatic compounds has been developed based on double Suzuki coupling of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon bis(boronic acid) derivatives with o-bromoaryl aldehydes to furnish aryl dialdehydes. These are then converted to larger polycyclic aromatic ring systems by either (a) conversion to diolefins by Wittig reaction followed by photocyclization, or (b) reductive cyclization with trifluoromethanesulfonic acid and 1,3-propanediol (Eq. (12)) [30]. 

With derivatives of benzaldehyde, the reaction proceeded regardless of electron-donating or electron-withdrawing properties of the substituents. A diverse range of aldehydes was employed, extending to heterocyclic compounds such as furfural and aryl dialdehydes. Benzene-1,3-dicarboxaldehyde, with cyclohexenone and benzylamine, reacted to produce a bis-anilino derivative, 2,2 -[l,3-phenylenebis(methylene)bis(A-benzylaniline)]. The yield (65%) was... 

Aryl dialdehydes were reacted with symmetrical dialkylacetylenes in the presence of a niobium(lll) catalyst to afford 2, dialkyl-1-naphthols in high yield. With unsymmetrical acetylenes, the formation of two products is highly dependent upon the structure of the alkyl groups (ref.77). 

From hydroxy aryl dialdehydes and aromatic hydroxy monamines... 

An interesting extrapolation of this synthesis deals with the preparation of the bispyridinium salt 62 from 1,2-phthalic dicarboxaldehyde and its subsequent reaction with primary amines (92BSB509).Tlie expected diimines 63 readily cyclize so that 2-aryl-l-arylimino-2,3-dihydro-l//-isoindoles 64 can be isolated in excellent yields (90-95%). Contrary to the reactions performed by employing the dialdehyde and amines directly, the syntheses involving the azinium salts do not produce those typical dark-colored complex mixtures of products (77JOC4217 85JHC449) (Scheme 20). 

Electrophilic substitution of the ring hydrogen atom in 1,3,4-oxadiazoles is uncommon. In contrast, several reactions of electrophiles with C-linked substituents of 1,3,4-oxadiazole have been reported. 2,5-Diaryl-l,3,4-oxadiazoles are bromi-nated and nitrated on aryl substituents. Oxidation of 2,5-ditolyl-l,3,4-oxadiazole afforded the corresponding dialdehydes or dicarboxylic acids. 2-Methyl-5-phenyl-l,3,4-oxadiazole treated with butyllithium and then with isoamyl nitrite yielded the oxime of 5-phenyl-l,3,4-oxadiazol-2-carbaldehyde. 2-Chloromethyl-5-phenyl-l,3,4-oxadiazole under the action of sulfur and methyl iodide followed by amines affords the respective thioamides. 2-Chloromethyl-5-methyl-l,3,4-oxadia-zole and triethyl phosphite gave a product, which underwent a Wittig reation with aromatic aldehydes to form alkenes. Alkyl l,3,4-oxadiazole-2-carboxylates undergo typical reactions with ammonia, amines, and hydrazines to afford amides or hydrazides. It has been shown that 5-amino-l,3,4-oxadiazole-2-carboxylic acids and their esters decarboxylate. 

Substituted malondialdehydes form pyrimidines substituted in the 5-position with an alkyl, aryl, halo, or hetero substituent. The pyrimidine is unsubstituted in the 4- and 6-positions. /3-Dialdehyde equivalents are frequently used in these reactions, for example, 3-alkoxy- or 3-aminoacroleins. With aldehydo ketones, the pyrimidine carries a substituent in the 4- or 6-position. The formyl group in the ketone is normally masked as an alkoxymethylene ketone or as an aminomethylene ketone. A commonly used procedure involves the preparation of a dimethylaminomethyl-ene ketone 645 by reaction of a methyl ketone 644 with DMF dimethylacetal and subsequent reaction with an amidine or guanidine to form the target pyrimidine 646 <2003MI237, 2004JHC461>. 

The scope of this method is limited by the fact that at least one of the two substituents R and R must be an aryl residue this group may in fact be responsible for the relatively smooth elimination of water to form 11. Thus dibenzoylmethane (10a) and benzoylacetone (10b) give good yields of the salts 12a and 12b, which can be isolated as the perchlorates acetylacetone (10c)7 and malonic dialdehyde (10d),8 on the other hand, do not undergo this reaction. 

The three dialdehydes (32), (33) and (34) are photoreactive in the crystalline state. However the outcome of the reactions appears to be dependent upon the substitution pattern on the aryl ring. Irradiation of (32, X = H) and (34, X = H) gives dimers quantitatively. The structure of the dimers is illustrated by (35),... 

Reactions of Pyrroles. 1,3-Di-t-butylpyrrole forms the first stable protonated pyrrole, the salt (104). Electrophilic substitution of pyrrole with MeaC or Me FC in the gas phase occurs mainly at the j3-position, as does nitration and Friedel-Crafts acylation of l-phenylsulphonylpyrrole2 Pyrrole-2,5-dialdehyde has been prepared by Vilsmeier-Haack formylation of the ester (105), followed by hydrolysis. A similar method has been used to convert the di-acetal (106) into pyrrole-2,3,5-tricarbaldehyde. AT-Benzoyl-pyrrole reacts with benzene in the presence of palladium(II) acetate to yield a mixture of l-benzoyl-2,5-diphenylpyrrole, the bipyrrolyl (107), and compound (108). Treating lithiated A-methylpyrrole with nickel(II) chloride results in the polypyrrolyls (109 = 0-4). 2-Aryl-1-methylpyrroles are obtained by cross-coupling of l-methylpyrrol-2-ylmagnesium bromide with aryl halides in the presence of palladium(0)-phosphine complexes. ... 

A route in which a synthon for such a dialdehyde is central depends on ortho lithiation of an aryl bromide for conversion to ortho bromoaryl aldehyde, then palladium-catalysed replacement of the halide with an alkyne, subsequent reaction with ammonia producing the isoquinoline. The sequence below shows how this type of approach can be used to produce naphthyridine mono-A-oxides by reaction of the alkynyl-aldehyde with hydroxylamine instead of ammonia. 

The (9Z)-isomers of the monoacetylenic 7,8-didehydro analogues of the aryl carotenes iso-renieratene (24) and renieratene (26) and the (9Z,9 Z)-isomer of the 7,8,7, 8-tetradehydro derivative of 24 have been prepared by a Ci5 + Cio + C 5 = C4o approach via the appropriate C15-acetylenic phosphonium salts and Cio-dialdehyde 13 by the principle outlined in Scheme 5 [28]. 

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