Artificial reservoir effect

Artificial lift systems are mostly required later in a field s life, when reservoir pressures decline and therefore well productivities drop. If a situation is anticipated where artificial lift will be required or will be cost effective later in a field s life, it may be advantageous to install the artificial lift equipment up front and use it to accelerate production throughout the field s life, provided the increased revenues from the accelerated production offset... 

Artificial pumped storage reservoirs, such as those built to supply London, have been constructed to reduce problems with algae. These have a circular design, with pumped inflows which are jetted to mix fully the water colnmn. " However, although these effectively deal with eiitrophic water, they are not solutions which are normally used for rehabilitation of eiitrophic lakes. 

This conclusion is of paramount importance. It means that there is no effective mechanism for transporting molecules from a buried source to the surface when the soil is very dry. The transport process can begin anew when rainfall, or perhaps artificial introduction of water to the soil, raises the saturation to levels where diffusion can again occur. The reservoir of sorbed molecules simply awaits a mechanism. 

Variability in the Amount of Carbon in Reservoirs. In addition to variations in the production and distribution of radiocarbon over time and within portions of various carbon reservoirs, variations may result in situations where carbon not in equilibrium with the contemporary standard values is added or removed from any reservoir. Two instances of this are well documented since they occurred within the last century as a result of human intervention. The first is known as the industrial or Suess effect and is caused by the combustion of fossil fuels beginning about 1890, resulting in a depletion of atmospheric activities by about 3% (76). A more recent occurrence has been called the atomic bomb or Libby effect. The detonation of nuclear devices in the atmosphere beginning in 1945 produced large amounts of artificial increasing the radiocarbon concentrations in the atmosphere by more than 100% in the Northern Hemisphere (77). Because of equilibration with the oceans, the levels have been diminishing steadily since the atmospheric testing was terminated by the major nuclear powers except France and the People s Repub-... 

Since the fluid velocity within the geothermal reservoirs created in the fractured rock can be relatively high and the characteristic sizes of the solid blocks of the rock, which constitute the fissured reservoir media, are relatively large, the high mean values of heat flow rates are typically attained within the stimulated region. In this situation the effect of thermal dispersion is an important factor that should be included into the mathematical model of the heat transport within the natural or artificially developed fissured geothermal reservoirs. Employing different... 

The centrifugal field can also be deemed an artificial gravity with an acceleration g = roP. Therefore, also the siphoning effect can also be applied as sketched in Fig. 3. As long as the siphon tube which is submerged in the liquid within the reservoir stays enpty, the liquid is retained at all frequencies co. Once the tube is filled with a continuous liquid column and the liquid meniscus at r> has protruded farther outside than the liquid level in the reservoir at r<, a hydrostatic pressure Apa develops according to (11). 

---