Arginine phosphate

Figure 31-3. Arginine, ornithine, and proline metabolism. Reactions with solid arrows all occur in mammalian tissues. Putrescine and spermine synthesis occurs in both mammals and bacteria. Arginine phosphate of invertebrate muscle functions as a phosphagen analogous to creatine phosphate of mammalian muscle (see Figure 31-6).

D-Arg <7, 18> (<18> competitive to L-arginine [12] <7> product inhibition, competitive with arginine phosphate and noncompetitive withg ADP [6]) [6,... 

Other phosphagens (such as arginine phosphate, lombrocine phosphate, tauromyocine phosphate) are found in many invertebrate muscles. 

Raison d etre. The muscles of some invertebrates are rich in arginine phosphate (phosphoarginine). Propose a function for this amino acid derivative. 

Arginine phosphate in invertehrate muscle, like creatine phosphate in vertebrate muscle, serves as a reservoir of high-potential phosphoryl groups. Arginine phosphate maintains a high level of ATP in muscular exertion. 

Creatine- and arginine phosphate (7 and 9) play important roles in the storage of phosphorylating potential in vertebrates and invertebrates, respectively[25, 26f In living cells, these N-phosphoguanidine derivatives are formed by phosphoryl group transfer from ATP, and in the reverse reaction ADP is the only acceptor for 7 and 9. 

N -(2-carboxylethyl)arginine synthase Transferase D-Glyceraldehyde-3-P + Arginine N -(2-Carboxyethyl)-L-arginine + Phosphate None... 

The limits of detection were less then 200 fmol and the concentrations of nitrite and nitrate were typically 2 and 12 mM, respectively. A more recent report involved CE separations of arginine, citmllene, nitrate, and nitrite with LIE and conductivity detection Contrary to previous results, it was determined that nitrates are not always reliable indicators of NO synthase activity. Similarly, other metabolites associated with NO—arginine, citmllene, arginosuccinate, ornithine, and arginine phosphate—were quantified in Pleurobranchaea and Aplysia with limits of detection ranging from 5 nM to 17... 

Creatine phosphate (phosphocreatine) (11.9a), arginine phosphate (phosphoarginine) (11.9b), tauro-cyanine phosphate (11.9c) and guanidinoethylseryl phosphate (11.9d) all have high-energy P-NH bonds which are ruptured on hydrolysis. 

The ATP consumed in these reactions can be reconverted to ATP by numerous other reactions which occur in cells. Arginine phosphate (11.9b) appears to serve the same storage purpose in invertebrates. These compounds are sometimes called phosphagens. Adenosine triphosphate, ATP, is involved in the synthesis of all the essential biopolymers, that is, proteins, polysaccharides lipids... 

Arg increases spermatogenesis. Various natural products contain the amino acid, e.g. octopine and the phosphagen, arginine phosphate. Arg was first isolated from lupin seedlings in 1886 by Schulze and Steiger. 

Biosynthesis of phosphocreatine (creatine 5-phosphate) and phosphoarginine (arginine phosphate)... 

Several nonprotein amino acids have special functions in the physiology of the producer organisms, cf. arginine phosphate or creatine phosphate, which are used as energy-rich substances in metabolism (E 2.2), or betaine, which is accumulated in plants as an osmotic (E 2.2). 

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