Applications, Trends, and Challenges

Primary function Examples of fillers Additional functions Examples of fillers [Pg.15]

Modification of mechanical properties High aspect ratio glass fibers, mica, nanoclays, carbon nanotubes, carbon/graphite fibers, and aramid/synlhetic/natural fibers Low aspect ratio talc, CaC03, kaolin, wood fiour, wollastonite, and glass spheres Control of permeability Reduced permeability impermeable plate-like fillers mica, talc, nanoclays, glass flakes Enhanced permeability stress concentrators for inducing porosity CaCOj and dispersed polymers [Pg.15]

Enhancement of fire retardancy Hydrated fillers Al(OH)3 and Mg(OH)2 Bioactivily Bone regeneration hydro apatite, tricaldtun phosphate, and silicate glasses [Pg.15]

Modification of electrical and magnetic properties Conductive, nonconductive, and ferromagnetic metals, carbon fiber, carbon black, and mica Degradabibly Organic fillers starch and cellulosic fibers [Pg.15]

Modification of surface properties Antiblock, lubricating silica, CaCOj, PTFE, M0S2, and graphite Radiation absorption Metal particles, lead oxide, and leaded glass [Pg.15]