Applications of Rheo-NMR

In order to illustrate the potential applications of rheo-NMR five examples have been chosen. The first example deals with wormlike micelles [22] in which NMR velocim-etry is used to profile anomalous deformational flow and deuterium NMR spectroscopy is used to determine micellar ordering in the flow. The second example concerns flow in a soft glassy material comprising a solution of intermittently jammed star polymers [23], a system in which flow fluctuations are apparent. The third 

1 Shear-banded Flow in Wormlike Micelle Solutions 

Banding effects have also been seen in these wormlike micelle materials via optical birefringence [31, 32], although it is not clear that birefringence banding necessarily corresponds to shear banding [33], Of course, the anisotropy of bi- 

The use of deuterium NMR methods holds promise for the investigation of a wide class of materials where shear deformation is likely to result in molecular ordering. 

46 MHz, from 20% w/w CTAB-D20 (41 °C) at observed, consistent with an ordered phase, different positions across the annular gap of a while near the outer wall the single peak of an cylindrical Couette cell and at an apparent isotropic phase is seen. In between, a mixed shear rate of 20 s 1. Near the inner wall, where phase region exists (adapted from Ref. [38]). 

---

Many investigations are made using the commercially available standard NMR microscopy hardware and software, although in some cases this hardware is modified in order to fulfill specific requirements and to expand the number of possible applications. Such modifications and expansions then become part of new commercially available hardware and software if they are useful for a larger number of users, as was the case recently with the development of the Rheo-NMR [17]. 

J. Gotz, K. Zick 2005, (Rheo NMR with applications on food), in Handbook of Modem Magnetic Resonance, ed. G. Webb, Kluwer Academic Publishers, London. 

In summary, we have commented briefly on the microscopic applications of NMR velocity imaging in complex polymer flows in complex geometries, where these applications have been termed Rheo-NMR [23]. As some of these complex geometries can be easily established in small scales, NMR velocimetry and visc-ometry at microscopic resolution can provide an effective means to image the entire Eulerian velocity field experimentally and to measure extensional properties in elastic liquids non-invasively. 

---