Electrons apparent number

Missing values correspond to very ill-defined patterns. The potential sweep rate is 100 mV s T napp. is the apparent electron number for the first voltammetric wave, ncorr. is the same value corrected for viscosity effects. 

This is only an approximate representation, in which a is the transfer coefficient and na is the apparent electron number involved in the pseudo-elementary reaction. This na is different from the total electron transfer number of the reaction ( ). 

Again, the electron number is only for the electrons involved in the rate-determining step. For a multi-electron, multi-step reaction, na does not equal the total number of electrons involved in the whole reaction. For example, in the ORR, the total number of electrons is four however, the apparent electron number... 

More recently, a theoretical and experimental investigation has been carried out on the hydrogen evolution process, assuming a Volmer-Heyrovsky mechanism and following the technique proposed by Tyagai [7]. It was found that the apparent electron number values ranged between one and two, depending on the applied current [22]. 

The mechanism of S , l reaction was established on the basis of direct electrochemical methods. Indeed the nucleophilic attack in eqn.15 competes with the a-aryl radical reduction in eqn.8. When the former constitutes the main route for Ar evolution, the apparent electron number involved in the halide wave tends to zero (when ArNu— reoxidizes) or to one (when ArNu is stable) electron. This enables then... 

Zn UPD on Pt Underpotential deposition of zinc was observed on Pt(l 11) in alkaline solution as a sharp cyclic voltammetric (CV) peak, in contrast to the behavior on polycrystalline Pt, when several broad UPD peaks were observed [193]. The changes of the peak potential with concentration of Zn02 were equal to 60 mV/log [Zn02 ] and led to the apparent electron transfer number ria = 1. 

Quasiatoms containing two nuclei of uranium and a common electron shell may be produced by bombarding uranium with uranium ions. In such a quasiatom an intermediate apparent atomic number Z = 91 + 92= 184 may be obtained. At these high atomic numbers, the K electrons arc near the nuclei and at Z — 184 their mean distance from the nucleus is of the order of its diameter. Therefore, both nuclei must approach each other to distances of the order of the diameter of a nucleus in order that K electrons observe both nuclei as only one. 

Formal charge is the apparent electronic charge of each atom in a molecule, based on the electron-dot structure. The number of valence electrons available in a free atom of an element minus the total for that atom in the molecule (determined by counting lone pairs as two electrons and bonding pairs as one assigned to each atom) is the formal charge on the atom ... 

ORR Apparent Electron-Transfer Number and the Formed Percentage of Peroxide Measured by RRDE Technique 221... 

As discussed in Chapter 5 for RDE technique, this apparent electron-transfer number of ORR or the overall ORR electron-transfer number can be obtained using the slope of the... 

Koutecky—Levich plot, measured at different electrode rotating rates, if the O2 concentration, the O2 diffusion coefficient, and the solution kinetic viscosity are known. Here, we give the expression of apparent electron-transfer number of ORR as functions of both disk and ring currents, measured using the RRDE technique. 

Substituting Eqn (6.49) into Eqn (6.48), the expression of apparent electron-transfer number of ORR can be obtained ... 

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