Aphid technique

Fig. 222. The aphid technique. On the left a sucJdng aphid, on the right the anaesthetized aphid has been cut off Sieve tube sap streams out of the proboscis, which has punctured only one sieve tube, and can be collected.

It is precisely this that Eschrich appeared to have demonstrated in 1967 with the aphid technique on Vida faba (Fig. 226). Fluorescein, a... 

Identification of aphid species is often difficult due to the low number of adults as compared to larvae. Another problem is that lipid and hydrocarbon composition appear highly dependent on the host plant (Neal et al., 1994). Analysis of CHCs has been used alone or in combination with molecular techniques to differentiate close Aphidae species (Lazzari et al., 1991 Raboudi et al., 2005). For example, analysis of the lipid and hydrocarbon compositions of pupal exuviae has been used to differentiate greenhouse and sweetpotato whiteflies (Neal et al., 1994). 

Western blots have shown that the antibody raised to aphid myrosinase (Wye Q) was highly specific to a single band in crude extracts of B. brassicae by SDS PAGE analysis. Wye Q did not cross react with proteins (also using Western blotting techniques) from Sinapis alba and did not show a reaction to proteins from other Brassica pests tested (data not shown). Anti-plant myrosinase antibodies did not cross-react with B. brassicae proteins, and anti-aphid myrosinase does not cross react with plant myrosinase. The results of the Western blots are summarized in Table 6.1. 

Phloem sap may be obtained by a variety of methods ranging from the use of aphid stylets to the cutting of vascular tissue. Recent techniques have involved the use of EDTA to prevent the resealing of phloem elements (King and Zeevaart, 1974) and successive cutting of the pod tip of Lupinus albus (Pate et al., 1974) and Glycine max (Fellows et al., 1978). A summary of some... 

Non-ploughing techniques have been found to reduce aphids as BYDV vectors in cereals as well as reducing the risk from frit fly and yellow cereal fly slugs are usually more of a problem. 

McLean, D.L. M.G. Kinsey. 1964. A technique for electronically recording aphid feeding and salivation. Nature 202 1358-1359. 

Mittler, T.E. 1988. Applications of artificial feeding techniques for aphids. In Aphids Their Biology, Natural Enemies and Control, Vol. 2B, eds., A.K. Minks P. Harrewijn, pp. 145-170, Elsevier, Amsterdam. 

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