Antiviral agents amantadine hydrochloride

Amantadine hydrochloride [665-66-7] (1-adamantanamine hydrochloride, 41), C qH N HQ., (93) is a good example of a narrow-spectmm agent active only against influenza A vims. It became the first antiviral dmg available for systemic use in the United States when it was approved by the FDA in 1966 for use against Asian influenza. In 1976, FDA approval was extended to the use of amantadine for the reHef of symptoms of all influenza A strains. Amantadine is marketed by Du Pont de Nemours Co., Inc. A stmcturaHy related dmg, rimantadine hydrochloride [1501 -84-4] C 2H2 N HQ, (a-methyl-l-adamantanemethylamine hydrochloride, 42), is widely used in Russia to treat influenza A vims (94). 

Adamantylamine hydrochloride (Amantadine hydrochloride, Amazolone, Mantadan, Mantadix, Virofral) [665-66-7] M 187.7, m >360° (dec), pK s 10.58. Dissolve the salt in dry EtOH, add a few drops of dry EtOH saturated with HCl gas, followed by dry Et20 to crystallise the hydrochloride out. Dry the salt in a vacuum. Its solubility in H2O is >5 /o and it is solnble in EtOH but insoluble Et20. [Stetter et al. Chem Ber 93 226 19601] It is antiviral and anti-Parkinsonian agent [Komhuber et al.JNeural Transm 46 (Snppl) 399 7995]. 

Amantadine - Amantadine hydrochloride (VI) was introduced in 1967 as an antiviral agent for influenza3 >35. jn 1968 Schwab et al.36 noted that... 

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