Antimony Trihydride

SYNS ANTIMONWASSERSTOFFES (GERMAN) ANTIMONY HYDRIDE ANTIMONY TRIHYDRIDE ANTYMONOWODOR (POUSH) HYDROGEN... 

ANTIMONY TRIHYDRIDE (7803-52-3) Flammable and thermally unstable gas. Reacts with moisture, forming explosive hydrogen. Elevated temperatures above 390°F/198°C can cause fire and explosion. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, nitric acid, halogenated hydrocarbons, ozone. Forms heat-sensitive explosive mixtures with ammonia. 

SYNONYMS antimony hydride, antimony trihydride, hydrogen antimonide. 

Structure covalent hydride Synonyms antimony hydride antimony trihydride hydrogen antimonide... 

RT log K, where K—pmJPp Pvi- The free energy of the formation of phosphine from hydrogen and solid phosphorus at 25° is —3296-0 cals. The entropy change in the reaction calculated from the free energy equation is —27-72 so that the entropy of phosphine at 25° is 52-4 units. J. C. Thomlinson compared the heats of formation of the trihydrides of the nitrogen-antimony family of elements. 

Like phosphine, the trihydrides of arsenic and antimony are not formed by direct combination with molecular hydrogen. They are usually prepared by reducing arsenic or antimony compounds with atomic hydrogen produced at a zinc surface dissolving in dilute hydrochloric acid ... 

Phosphorus, arsenic and antimony are all readily attacked by atomic hydrogen to yield their respective trihydrides. There is evidence that a hydride of bismuth is not formed in this way. 

Arsenic (atomic number 33, atomic mass 74.9216) is the 20th most abundant element in the earth s crust. It belongs to the elements of the P block of the Periodic System where it is placed below phosphorus and above antimony. The mass numbers of its isotopes range from 68 to 80 however, only the natural isotope 75 is stable. The gamma-emitting radioisotopes As (half-life 26.4 h), As (half-life 17.77 d), and As ( half-life 80.3 d) are commercially available and often used for method development and control (Krivan, 1987 Krivan and Arpadjan, 1989). Elemental arsenic exists at room temperature as metallic or gray arsenic, and yellow arsenic. As a center element of the P block it can be found both in metallic and covalent compounds. The oxidation states are -III, 0, -i-lll, and -I- V. Arsenic trihydride (arsine, AsHa) is a colourless, very poisonous, neutral gas with a characteristic garlic odour. 

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