Antimony aryl derivatives

A similar reaction consists of decomposition of the double salt of a diphenyl-halonium salt and a heavy-metal halide by a powdered metal (Reutow). It can be used for synthesis of aryl derivatives of a wide variety of metals such as mercury, tin, antimony, and bismuth.23... 

Alkyl and aryl derivatives of bismuth can be prepared with the metal in the valence state +3 and +5. The most important methods are those used also for arsenic and antimony compounds, as discussed above. 

Besides the traditional coupling between alkenes and aryl (vinyl) halides, other functionalized aryl derivatives can also couple with alkenes in the Heck reaction, including aryl silanes,stannanes, bismuth, antimony,triflates, boric acid, phosphonic acid, carboxylic acid, and diazonium salt. ... 

The chlorine atoms in 2,2-dichloro-l,3-benzodioxole and its derivatives are replaced upon treatment with antimony(III) fluoride more readily than those in aryl trichloromethyl ethers, which exchange only in the presence of the catalyst antimOny(V) chloride. 

Antimony forms nnmerons stable pentavalent organo-metallic componnds among these are penta alkyls and aryls, mixed organohalides, and varions chalcogen and nitrogen derivatives. 

The method has been useful for the preparation of alkyl derivatives of antimony which are difficult to prepare by the redistribution reaction as described above. This method has also been useful for the preparation of bismuth derivatives. The ease of thermolysis of R3MX2 decreases in the order X = I > Br > Cl > F, R = alkyl > aryl and M = Bi > Sb. Me2SbI , Et2SbBr and 29 are shown as examples (equations 41 , 42 and 43 ). 

Adducts of the l,2-dithiole-3-thione with silver nitrate and copper dichloride have been described, and for various l,2-dithiole-3-thiones, adducts containing iron, cobalt, nickel, and copper have been studied in more detail. The ligands (L) used are either unsubstituted l,2-dithiole-3-thione or its methyl- or aryl-substituted derivatives. If X represents a halogen atom, the following types of coordination compounds have been characterized CuXLj and CuXLa, FeXjLj, CoXaL, and NiX Lj. Complexes of titanium(III), tin(IV), antimony(III) and (V), and bismuth(III) have also been studied. ... 

Complex supramolecular structures involving intermo-lecular Sn S, S S secondary bonds and N-H . S hydrogen bonds were observed in organotin derivatives of substituted 5-mercapto-l,3,4-thiadiazoline-2-thione. The simultaneous presence of S-Sb CP secondary bond synthons and CP H-N hydrogen bonds in the solid-state structure of dichlorobis(trimethylenethiour-ea)antimony(III) chloride also leads to an interesting supramolecular self-organization. The cooperation of secondary bonds and Te ti aryl interactions also produces some spectacular supramolecular architectures. 

A -Alkylation. 2i/-l,3-Benzothiazine derivatives, a group of compounds with significant pharmacological activities, are synthesized by 7V-alkylation followed by cyclization of aryl and alkyl nitriles using antimony(V) chloride as a Lewis acid (eq 6). ... 

Penta-alkyls and aryls. The penta-alkyls and -aryls R5M are of interest both structurally and in connection with the relative stabilities of the H-S oxidation state. Only antimony appears to form a pentamethyl derivative, MesSb (a liquid bp 126-127°, from MeLi + Me3Sb or Me4SbBr), which is surprisingly thermally stable, and unlike trimethylstibine it does not inflame in the air, though it oxidizes quickly and is decomposed by water. Its vibrational spectra are consistent with a trigonal bipyramidal structure. With an excess of methyl-lithium it forms the salt Li SbMe4. ... 

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