Antimonite,

Antimony forms both a + 3 and a + 5 oxide. The + 3 oxide can be prepared by the direct combination of the elements or by the action of moderately concentrated nitric acid on antimony. It is an amphoteric oxide dissolving in alkalis to give antimonates(III) (for example sodium antimonite , NaSb02), and in some acids to form salts, for example with concentrated hydrochloric acid the trichloride, SbCl3, is formed. 

AsXs and SbXs react with alcohols (especially in the presence of bases) and with sodium alkoxide to give arsenite and antimonite esters, M(0R)3 (cf. phosphorus, (p. 515) ... 

Antimonious acid H3Sb03 and its salts are less well characterized but a few meta-antimonites and polyantimonites are known, e.g. NaSb02, NaSb305.H20 and Na2Sb407. The oxide itself finds extensive use as a flame retardant in fabrics, paper, paints, plastics, epoxy resins, adhesives and rubbers. The scale of industrial use can be gauged from the US statistics which indicate an annual consumption of Sb203 of some 10000 tonnes in that country. 

Quaternary Rare-earth Metal Chalcoarsenites and Antimonites... 

Name from anti monos (Greek = not alone) stibium (Latin = pen) black shiny antimonite/stibnite (Sb2S3) was used as an eyebrow pencil... 

Antimonic acid, 3 59, 65 Antimonin (stibabenzene), 3 72 Antimonious acid, 3 43 Antimonite, 3 43... 

Naples yellow See lead antimonite. na-palz yeho ... 

The redox and sorption behaviour of Sb is similar, but no volatile forms are produced. The oxidized form of Sb, antimonite, Sb(V), has the anionic form Sb(OH)e at pH > 4, and is sorbed on oxides and sihcate clays. The reduced form, antimonite, Sb(III), is present as the uncharged Sb(OH)3 molecule except at very low or very high pH where the Sb(OH)2 cation and Sb(OH)4 anion form, respectively. The uncharged Sb(OH)3 is little sorbed on soil surfaces. 

Antimony trioxide is an amphoteric oxide, exhibiting both acidic and basic behavior. It dissolves in strong acids forming antimony salts e.g., reacts with aqueous hydrofluoric acid to form antimony trifluoride, SbFs. It reacts with strong alkalies to form antimonites, such as sodium or potassium anti-monites, NasSbOs or K38b03 ... 

Test a sodium antimonite solution with silver nitrate. What precipitates What properties does antimony(III) exhibit in this reaction ... 

The hydroxide V(OH)3 is distinguished from the corresponding hydroxides of phosphorus, arsenic and antimony in that it is wholly basic. It is insoluble in alkalis, so that there do not exist any compounds of vanadium which would correspond to the phosphites, arsenites, and antimonites, or to the ferrites, aluminates, and chromites. 

In E. coli arsenate is reduced to arsenite by a glutare-doxin-andNADH-dependentsystem s Thearsenite as well as antimonite and tellurite are pumped out by an ATP-dependent transporter. The genes for reductase, periplasmic-binding protein, and transporter components are encoded in a conjugative plas-midA1 A quite similar system functions in yeast.)... 

Cobalt Thio-antiinonite, Co3Sb2S6, is obtained by precipitation from a solution of a soluble nickel salt with a dilute solution of potassium thio-antimonite. It is readily oxidised, and always contains potassium if prepared from concentrated solutions. 

Hydrogen sulphide orange-red precipitate of antimony trisulphide, Sb2S3, from solutions which are not too acid. The precipitate is soluble in warm concentrated hydrochloric acid (distinction and method of separation from arsenic(III) sulphide and mercury(II) sulphide), in ammonium polysulphide (forming a thioantimonate), and in alkali hydroxide solutions (forming antimonite and thioantimonite). 

Acidification of the antimonite-thioantimonite mixture leads to the precipitation of the trisulphide ... 

Sodium hydroxide or ammonia solution white precipitate of the hydrated antimony(III) oxide Sb203.xH20 soluble in concentrated (5m) solutions of caustic alkalis forming antimonites. 

Escherichia coli resistant to antimonite have a disruption in the glpf gene suggesting that GlpF conducts antimonite, the neutral pH form of which is Sb(OH)s therefore it is expected that the channel again provides adequately positioned hydrogen bond accepting carbonyls to support the polar side of the Sb(OH)s molecule. 

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