Antimonious Sulphide

Antimony trioxide (SbaOj). It is produced from stibnite (antimony sulphide). Some typical properties are density 5.2-5.67 g/cm- pH of water suspension 2-6.5 particle size 0.2-3 p,m specific surface area 2-13 m-/g. Antimony trioxide has been the oxide universally employed as flame retardant, but recently antimony pentoxide (SbaOs) has also been used. Antimony oxides require the presence of a halogen compound to exert their fire-retardant effect. The flame-retarding action is produced in the vapour phase above the burning surface. The halogen and the antimony oxide in a vapour phase (above 315 C) react to form halides and oxyhalides which act as extinguishing moieties. Combination with zinc borate, zinc stannate and ammonium octamolybdate enhances the flame-retarding properties of antimony trioxide. 

All reported cases of CD antimony sulphide involve the trisulphide, Sb2S3. Sb2S3 is soluble in hydroxide to give antimonates and in excess sulphide to give thio-complexes. The latter is not a problem in CD since free sulphide, if it exists, does so in a very low concentration and is rapidly taken up to precipitate Sb2S3. However, the solubility in alkaline solutions limits the pH of the deposition solutions. Sb2S3 exists in two forms so-called amorphous Sb2S3, which varies in color from... 

Antimony sulphide deposition onto metallic substrates, together with PbS and Cu-S, was first reported in the original paper of Puscher [1] using thiosulphate and antimony tartrate. No characterization of this film was carried out nor properties given. The same method was also described recently, in 1931, using a number of different metals as substrates [2], It was noted that SbCls, when mixed with thiosulphate, reacted too rapidly, hence the use of the tartrate (tartaric acid is a complexant). Again, no characterization of the films was made. 

Ocvurrenoe.— So a amall extent in the mtive state. Alloyed with metals in a fear minei. Sometimes in the form of oxide, but principally in the form of grey antimony ore or ttSmite, which consists of antimonious sulphide. 

Preparation.—1. By passing chlorine orer excess of metallic antimony or antimonious sulphide, and purifying by distil lation —... 

By dissolving antimonious sulphide in hydrochloric acid, or antimony in hydrochloric acid containing a little nitric acid, evaporating and stilling the product —... 

S. By the action of hydrochloric acid on antimonious sulphide with the aid of a gentle heat —... 

The building blocks need not be discrete complexes but may be infinitely connected in either one or two dimensions. In their study of the crystal chemistry of lead-antimony sulphides, Skowron and Brown (1994) showed that the allowed packings of infinitely long NaCl-type ribbons of (Pb,Sb)S correctly accounted for eight of the nine observed phases and qualitatively indicated their relative stability. They also predicted a further four phases that might exist with a limited stability range. 

N. A. E. Millon found that a soln. of alkali chlorite gives a yellow precipitate of lead chlorite, Pb(C102)2, or of silver chlorite, AgC102, when treated respectively with lead or silver nitrate. On recrystallization from hot water, lead and silver chlorites are obtained in yellow plates. J. Schiel also made lead chlorite by treating a soln. of barium or calcium chlorite with lead nitrate an excess of the lead nitrate is to be avoided because of its solvent action. Fine sulphur yellow crystals can be obtained from a warm soln.—50°-60°—of the salt in calcium chlorite. The dry salt explodes at 126° according to N. A. E. Millon, at 100° according to J. Schiel. It explodes when triturated with flowers of sulphur or antimony sulphide. It behaves like silver chlorite with hydrogen sulphide and with sulphuric acid. 

Preparation of Antimony. Put a thoroughly dried mixture of 12 g of antimony sulphide, 5 g of reduced powdered iron, 1.5 g of sodium sulphide, and 0.5 g of powdered charcoal into a chamotte or porcelain crucible and roast it in a muffle furnace at 800 °C. After the entire mixture softens, continue the heating for another 20-30 minutes. Next cool the crucible, break it, and extract the antimony bead. 

Cap Mercury fulminate Potassium chlorate Antimony sulphide... 

Mixtures containing mercury fulminate, potassium chlorate, and antimony sulphide tend to destroy the inside of firearm barrels, since on decomposition the mercury fulminate evolves free mercury which causes erosion of the barrel at the... 

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