Antihypertensive drugs categories

NSAIDs inhibited the effects of aU antihypertensive drug categories. However, in patients taking beta-block-ers and vasodilators, NSAIDs produced a greater increase in supine mean blood pressure than in patients taking diuretics, but only the pooled inhibitory effect of NSAIDs on the effects of beta-blockers achieved statistical significance. When the data were analysed by tjrpe of NS AID the meta-analysis showed that aU NSAIDs increased supine blood pressure, and that piroxicam, indometacin, and ibuprofen produced the most marked increases. However, only piroxicam had a statistically significant effect with respect to placebo. Aspirin,... 

The primary objective of a Phase I trial is to assess the safety of the drug in humans. Studies are normally conducted in healthy male volunteers, although specific categories of subject may be used in certain cases. For example, to avoid the risk of low blood pressure, subjects with mild hypertension would be more appropriate for the evaluation of antihypertensive drugs, while patients are likely to be used in the case of drugs that are expected to produce significant toxic effects (e.g. anti-cancer cytotoxic drugs). Remuneration may be offered for participation in the study. The number of subjects is normally between 10 and 100 people. 

Clinical Evaluation by Therapeutic Category Principles for Clinical Evaluation of New Antihypertensive Drugs... 

Categories of Antihypertensive Drugs and Their Side Effects... 

Antihypertensive drugs are grouped into four main categories that include adrenergic blockers (e.g., cardura, 62, minizide, 63), adrenergic stimulants (e.g., aldoclor, clorpres), [a] and [ 3] adrenergic blockers (e.g.. 

Compounds which are primarily sedative or central depressant also have found use in treating hypertension. In this category, one might include mebuta-mate (5, 9), a molecular modification of the carisoprodol and meprobamate family of compounds. These molecular modifications have coursed through the fields of tranquilizers, muscle relaxants, and most recently, antihypertensive drugs. The relatively old drug, phenobarbital, has been used as a central depressant component in a number of antihypertensive combination products. 

An antihypertensive drug can be used alone or in combination with one or more drugs that fall into one of five categories. 

In addition to the diuretics, which are listed separately, first-line antihypertensive drugs may be grouped into three categories sympatholytic agents ([jS] and [a] blockers. 

This is a broad category of toxic action in which exaggeration of the therapeutic effects of many drugs in overdose can lead to poisoning. For example, general anesthetics are also respiratory depressants, and too high concentrations can cause fatalities. Many antihypertensives cause potentially fatal vascular collapse and shock when taken in overdose. Overdoses of certain antiarrhythmic drugs can themselves cause fatal arrhythmias, actions that are related to their action on ion channels. 

Another mechanistic category of antihypertensive agents comprises the monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors. The developments that have occurred with the MAO inhibitors provide another interesting example of the tortuous and unpredictable course of molecular modification. Iproniazid, originally of interest as an antitubercular drug, was found with experience in practice to... 

A limited representative (Table 9-4) lists a few drugs in the various alt a2, and mixed ax/a2 categories for both agonists and antagonists. Those whose chemistry was not previously considered (antihypertensives) will be dealt with in the next chapter. 

---