Antigen rabbit

Hepatitis B core antigen Rabbit polyclonal 1 2000 HIAR Dako... 

Antibody-immobilized polymer chain. Free antigen (Rabbit IgG)... 

Species origin tests, used to determine whether the specimen is human or from another source, are immunological in nature. Host animals, usually rabbits, are injected with protein from another species. The animal creates antibodies to the unknown material. Semm from the host animal, containing species (human, bovine, equine, canine, etc) specific antibodies, is tested against a dilute solution of blood (antigens) collected as evidence. A positive reaction is determined by a visible band where the antibodies and antigens come into contact. 

Peptides formed during tryptic digest of Salmonella flagellin were immobilized on the WPG-PG to prepare immunoadsorbents for the isolation of monoreceptor antibodies from rabbit serum against H-antigens of Salmonella spp. [129]. The... 

A human contraceptive vaccine based on lactide polymers is currently being developed. The antigen is a 37-amino-acid peptide of B-HCG conjugated to diphtheria toxoid. The antigen is administered wtih microencapsulated muramyl dipeptide as an adjuvant. Studies in rabbits have shown 9-12 months of elevated antibody liter following... 

Zimmerman, L.E. and Silverstein, A.M. (1959). Experimental ocular hypersensitivity histopathological changes observed in rabbits receiving a single injection of antigen into the vitreous. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 48, 447-465. 

Secondary antibody and determination. A secondary antibody labeled with an enzyme is added which binds to the primary antibody that is bound to the coating antigen. If the primary antibody were produced in a rabbit, an appropriate secondary antibody would be goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulin G (IgG) conjugated with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) (or another enzyme label). Excess secondary antibody is washed away. An appropriate substrate solution is added that will produce a colored or fluorescent product after enzymatic conversion. The amount of enzyme product formed is directly proportional to the amount of first antibody bound to the coating antigen on the plate and is inversely proportional to the amount of analyte in the standards. 

Figure 15.9 The results of capture ELISA on native RNase A and formalin-treated RNase A. Right panel, native RNase A (curve 1) and unfractionated formalin-treated RNase A (curve 2). Left panel, individual fractions of formalin-treated RNase A monomer (curve 3), dimmer (curve 4), trimer (curve 5), tetramer (curve 6), and a mixture of oligomers with >5 cross-linked proteins (curve 7). The ELISA plate wells were coated with monoclonal antibody against bovine pancreatic RNase A (1 pg/mL) overnight at 4°C and then blocked with bovine serum albumin. The wells were incubated for lh at 37°C in the presence of various concentrations of antigen in lOOpL of PBS. After washing, each plate well received a 1 4000 dilution of horseradish peroxidase conjugated rabbit polyclonal anti-RNase A antibody followed by incubation at ambient temperature for lh. After washing, detection was achieved using a mixture of 2,2,-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate) and hydrogen peroxide. Absorbance was monitored at 405 nm. See Rait etal.11 for details.

Many variations on the assay exist, but the ELISA, shown schematically below, is currently highly favored because of its simplicity once established in a laboratory sensitivity, detecting about one adduct per 107 bases and ability to screen many samples because of easy automations. The current prerequisite for the assay is that DNA can be modified to sufficiently high levels with the ultimate carcinogen to make it suitably antigenic. These types of antigens have been used to raise polyclonal antibodies in rabbits (41) and monoclonal antibodies from mice (42). 

One particularly novel carrier was reported to consist of 50-70 nm colloidal gold particles of the type often used in cytochemical labeling techniques for microscopy (Pow and Crook, 1993) (Chapter 24). Adsorption of peptide antigens onto gold and subsequent injection of the complex into rabbits in an adjuvant mixture resulted in rapid production of antibody of extremely high titer. The resultant antibodies could be used in immunocytochemistry at dilutions from l-in-250,000 down to l-in-1,000,000, which is orders-of-magnitude beyond the dilutions typically used with lower-titer antibodies. 

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