Antibiotics nucleoside, biosynthesis

The seven pacidamycins (121—127), which are isolated from the culture filtrates of S. coerukoruhidus are stmcturaHy similar to the mureidomycins. These seven peptidyl nucleoside antibiotics differ in the terminal amino acid residues (238). The biosynthesis of these nucleoside antibiotics is markedly affected by the amino acids added to the culture medium (239). 

Nucleoside antibiotics biosynthesis, 1, 88-90 Nucleosides oxa analogues, 3, 1085 as pharmaceuticals, 1, 153 protected, 5, 316 Nucleosidin occurrence, 5, 603 Nupharolutine synthesis, 2, 393 Nybomycin applications, 6, 667 Nybomycin, deoxy-applications, 6, 667 Nystatin antifungal agent veterinary use, 1, 211... 

The discovery of the polyoxin group (1) of antifungal nucleoside antibiotics (2) spurred the attention of synthetic chemists as well as biologists for a number of reasons. Their unusual structural features combined with unique biological activity fostered studies on many fronts (3). During their studies on the biosynthesis of the polyoxins, Isono, Crain and McCloskey (4) discovered three novel acidic nucleosides which they called octosyl acid A, B and C,... 

On studying the biosynthesis of the antibiotics blastidicin S and H, which inhibit protein synthesis, Seto and coworkers9,74 suggested that the (/ -D-glucosyluronic acid)nucleoside 107 isolated from the culture... 

Branched-chain monosaccharides have now been detected as components of bacterial polysaccharides. The known examples include yersiniose [3,6-dideoxy-4-C-(hydroxyethyl)-D-xy/o-hexose228] from Y. pseudotuberculosis, a 3-C-(hydroxymethyl)pentofuranose from Coxiella bumetti,229 and 6-deoxy-3-C-methylhexoses from the same organism and from Nitrobacter hamburgiensis.229 Several branched-chain monosaccharides were identified as components of antibiotics, and the pathways of their biosynthesis in bacteria were studied. These investigations were discussed in detail by Grisebach in this Series.230 The usual precursors for the formation of the monosaccharides of this group are the nucleoside 6-deoxyhexosyl-4-ulose diphosphates 7a and 7b. 

Nikkomycins Z 94 and X 95, isolated as nucleoside antibiotics from Streptomyces tendae 221 inhibit chitin biosynthesis and have fungicidal and insecticidal properties. 

Nucleoside antibiotics contain a number of unusual sugar components. The chemistry, biosynthesis, and biochemistry of these antibiotics has been described in a book by Suhadolnik85 in which the literature is covered up to 1969. In Table II, significant results on the... 

Biosynthesis of Sugar Components from Nucleoside Antibiotics... 

Yoshikawa, H, Takiguchi, Y, Terao, M, Terminal steps in the biosynthesis of herbicidins, nucleoside antibiotics, J. Antibiot., 36, 30-35, 1983. 

AY 62022 medrogestone. azacitidine [inn. usan] is a (nucleoside) antibiotic isolated from StreptoverticWium ladakanus and Actinoplanes spp. It is CYTOTOXIC (inhibits pyrimidine biosynthesis) and in ANTICANCER chemotherapy it has been used to treat acute non-lymphoblastic leukaemia. No longer marketed, azacosterol [inn] (azacosterol hydrochloride [usan] DAC IMD 760 SC 12937) is a steroid cholesterol bio thesis inhibitor that has been used as an ANTihyperlipidaemic. It also is an avian chemosterilant. azacosterol hydrochloride azacosterol. Azactam aztreonam. 

Isono, K. Nucleoside antibiotics Structure, biological activity, and biosynthesis. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 1988, 41(12), 1711. 

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