Antiarrhythmic agents procainamide

The applicability of these results to other populations (eg, those without recent Mis) is uncertain. Considering the known proarrhythmic properties of procainamide and the lack of evidence of improved survival for any antiarrhythmic drug in patients without life-threatening arrhythmias, the use of procainamide and other antiarrhythmic agents should be reserved for patients with life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. 

Concurrent antiarrhythmic agents Concurrent antiarrhythmic agents may produce enhanced prolongation of conduction or depression of contractility and hypotension, especially in patients with cardiac decompensation. Reserve concurrent use of procainamide with other Class lA antiarrhythmic agents (eg, quinidine, disopyramide) for patients with serious arrhythmias unresponsive to a single drug and use only if close observation is possible. 

Cardiac toxicity Moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin have been shown to prolong the QT interval of the electrocardiogram in some patients. Avoid in patients with known prolongation of the QT interval, patients with uncorrected hypokalemia, and patients receiving class lA (eg, quinidine, procainamide) or class III (eg, amiodarone, sotalol) antiarrhythmic agents. 

Drugs that may be affected by fluoroquinolones include caffeine, cyclosporine, digoxin, antiarrhythmic agents, bepridil, erythromycin, phenothiazine, tricyclic antidepressants, procainamide, anticoagulants, and theophylline. 

Procainamide is an effective antiarrhythmic agent when given in sufficient doses at relatively short (3-4 hours) dosage intervals. Procainamide is useful in the treatment of premature atrial contractions, paroxysmal atrial tachycardia, and atrial fibrillation of recent onset. Procainamide is only moderately effective in converting atrial flutter or chronic atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm, although it has... 

Antiarrhythmic agents such as quinidine, procainamide, and propranolol have all been shown to augment d-tubocurarine-induced blockade. Quinidine has also been reported to unmask or worsen the symptoms of myasthenia gravis and to cause postoperative respiratory depression after the use of muscle relaxants. 

Amiodarone, lidocaine, and procainamide are commonly used antiarrhythmics for conversion in VF. Of these, amiodarone is the antiarrhythmic agent recommended first. In the Amiodarone versus Lidocaine in Ventricular Emergency (ALIVE) trial, patients administered amiodarone had a better rate of survival to hospital admission than those... 

CARDIAC DEPRESSANTS are little used in medicine, however, some are used to slow the heartbeat in tachycardias and a number of these are often analogues or derivatives of other drugs with optimized activity for this purpose in the heart (e.g. procainamide, quinidine) - these are dealt with under antiarrhythmic agents. 

ANTIARRHYTHMIC agents (Class I agents, e.g. disopyramide, flecainide. lignocaine. procainamide, quinidine) are sodium-channel blockers and are mainly used to treat atrial and ventricular tachycardias (see antiarrhythmic agents). ANTIEPILEPTICS have a number of mechanisms of action, but some appear to have a component involving modulation of sodium-channel function, e.g. carbamaxepine and phenytoin (see anticonvulsants). 

Class IA antiarrhythmic agents qunidine procainamide (Procan, Procanbid) disopyramide (Norpace)... 

A recommendation for a specific antiarrhythmic agent of first choice does not exist. Amiodarone, lidocaine, and procainamide are the available options. 

Nitration of 1-phenylpyrazolidines takes place first on the para position of the phenyl ring and then at the ortho-para-pos i ons <93AHC(58)2i5>. By searching for antiarrhythmic agents related to procainamide, the whole chemistry of pyrazolidines was developed <93JHC109>. The electron impact mass spectrometry of some pyrazolidines has been reported <93JHC1641>. 

Procainamide, inferior as a local anesthetic, is used primarily as a cardiac antiarrhythmic agent. 

Moricizine (600 to 900 mg/day given every 8 hours in three equally divided doses) is indicated in the treatment of documented ventricular arrhythmias, such as sustained ventricular tachycardia, that are life threatening. Because of the proarrhythmic effects of moricizine, its use should be reserved for patients in whom the benefits of treatment outweigh the risks. Moricizine is a class 1C antiarrhythmic agent with potent local anesthetic activity and myocardial-membrane-stabilizing effects. It shares some of the characteristics of the class lA (disopyramide, procainamide, or quinidine), of class IB (lidocaine, mexiletene, phenytoin, or tocainide), or class 1C agents (encainide, flecainide, or propafenone) in that it reduces the fast inward current carried by sodium ions. Moricizine shortens phase 2 and 3... 

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