Anti-neoplastic agents animals

Besides their utilization in the production of many compounds with therapeutic, diagnostic, and immunizing applications, animal cell cultures have undoubted utility in the performance of in vitro cytotoxicity tests. They can be used for the evaluation of potential anti-neoplastic agents and assessment of the safety of various products, such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, alimentary additives, pesticides, and industrial chemical products. Cell culture systems are frequently employed in the cancer chemotherapy field, in which their potential value for viability and cytotoxicity tests is largely accepted. Animal models play an important role in toxicity testing, but the pressure to adopt in vitro tests is growing since they present considerable economical advantages over in vivo tests. The use of animal models is limited to human metabolism studies, and there are... 

R.F. Borch etal, US Patent 6,656,926 (December 2, 2003) Assignee Purdue Research Foundation Utility Anti-Neoplastic Agent for Animals... 

It is well established that aza analogs of purines, pyrimidines and their nucleosides possess significant but varying potency as antineoplastic agents [1-7]. Thus, for example, 6-azacytidine is an inhibitor for orotidylic acid decarboxylase [3] and 6-azauracil inhibits the development of animal tumors [4] and human acute leukemia [5] similarly, 8-azaguanine is a highly effective anti-neoplastic agent [6] and also inhibits animal tumors [7]. 

Figure 5.2 Therapeutic interventions for decreasing colorectal mucosal bile acid exposure as a CRC chemoprevention strategy. 1) Lifestyle modifications including reduction in dietary animal fat and increased fibre intake may, at least partly, be explained by reduction in luminal primary (cholic acid [CA] and chenodeoxycholic acid [CDCA]) and secondary (deoxycholic acid [DCA] and lithocholic acid [LCA]) bile acids. 2) Reduction of secondary bile acids, which are believed to have pro-carcinogenic activity could be obtained by decreased bacterial conversion from primary bile acids. 3) Alternatively, bile acids could be sequestered by chemical binding agents, e.g. aluminium hydroxide (Al(OH)3) or probiotic bacteria. 4) Exogenous ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) can reduce the luminal proportion of secondary bile acids and also has direct anti-neoplastic activity on colonocytes in vitro.

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