Anti-inflammatory drugs classification

Kowalski ML, Makowska JS, Blanca M, et al. Hypersensitivity to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) - classification, diagnosis and management review of the EAACl/ENDA and GA2LEN/ HANNA. Allergy. 2011 66 818-29. 

There are abundant examples in the literature that demonstrate the direct relationship between dissolution rate and bioavailability. One such example is that of piroxicam (Figure 7.6), a potent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that was launched in 1981 by Pfizer for multiple conditions such as arthritis (osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis) and spondylitis. It is a zwitterionic drug (p ai = 1S6 and p a2 = 5.46) and is classified as a low solubility and high permeability drug (i.e., class II) based on the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS). In an attempt to improve its bioavailability after oral administration, the authors prepared three different ethanolamine salt forms i.e., mono-, di- and triethanolamine salts). These salt forms were selected based on prior literature precedence where they enhanced the percutaneous absorption of piroxicam.PK studies of the ethanolamine salts revealed that both the exposure (AUC) and the C ax of piroxicam in plasma followed the same trend as the dissolution profile at pH 6.8, which varied in the order mono- > di- > tri-piroxicam. The monoethanolamine salt showed the highest exposure with the relative bioavailability increasing almost 1.9-fold, while the di- and tri- salts were 1.7 times better than piroxicam. The C ax values showed 2.14-, 1.6- and... 

Chiral Separation of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs 13.1.2 Classification of NSAIDs... 

A. Classification and Prototypes Antiplatelet drugs include aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory dmgs (NSAIDs), dipyridamole and inhibitors of ADP receptors (ticlopidine and clopidogrel), and glycoprotein TIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors (abciximab, tirofiban, and epti-fibatide). These drugs increase bleeding time, a test used to monitor their effects. 

Fig. 9.1 Classification of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory in bold in category a and the central core structure of a drugs based on chemical structure with important exam- diaryl-5-membered heterocyclic ting with two adjacent...

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