Anthropomorphic test dummy

Anthropomorphic test devices, commonly called crash test dummies, come in a variety of sizes corresponding to males and females from infants to adults in the fifth, fiftieth, and ninety-fifth percentile of the American population. They are nsed to determine how bodies are affected in a crash—what they hit within the interior of the vehicle, how they are ejected, and what injuries may result. The height, weight, and body measurements of the test dummies can be modified to model the actual participants in a specific accident. Injuries that commonly result from a vehicle accident are found in the spine, shoulder, and knee. 

AGARD-AR-330, Anthropomorphic Dummies for Crash and Escape System Testing, North Atlantic Treaty Organization, Neuilly sur Seine, France, 1997. 

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