Cholinergic receptors antagonists

Scopolamine A muscarinic cholinergic receptor antagonist that has amnesic side effects. 

Spinella M, Schaeffer LA, Bodnar RJ. (1997). Ventral medullary mediation of mesencephalic morphine analgesia by muscarinic and nicotinic cholinergic receptor antagonists in rats. Analgesia. 3 119-30. 

Spinella M, Znamensky V, Moroz M, Ragnauth A, Bodnar RJ. (1999). Actions of NMDA and cholinergic receptor antagonists in the rostral ventromedial medulla upon beta-endorphin analgesia elicited from the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray. Brain Res. 829(1-2) 151-59. 

Acetylcholine acts at two different types of cholinergic receptors [see (1) and (2) in Fig. 2.5]. Muscarinic receptors bind ACh as well as other agonists (muscarine, pilocarpine, bethanechol) and antagonists (atropine, scopolamine). There are at least five different types of muscarinic receptors (M1-M5). All have slow response times. They are coupled to G proteins and a variety of second messenger systems. When activated, the final effect can be to open or close channels for K, Ca ", or CL (Bonner, 1989). Nicotinic receptors are less abundant than the muscarinic type in the CNS. They bind ACh as well as agonists such as nicotine or an-... 

Nicotinic receptor A primary class of cholinergic receptors, named according to their affinity for nicotine, as well as certain other cholinergic agonists and antagonists. 

FIGURE 1.9 a) Atropine is a competitive antagonist at cholinergic receptors, b) Phenoxybenzamine is a noncompetitive antagonist at adrenergic receptors. 

---