Anodes Based on Both Alloying and Conversion Reaction

950 mAh g after the 40th cycle. The rate capability was also very good, as the reversible capacity at was 671 mAh g at a current density of 1500 mAh g [644], However, this work dates from 2011, and no further study has been reported on this compound to our knowledge. This is at contrast with the situation met with the other compounds mentioned in this paper, where important progress has been achieved owing to the intensive efforts made in the years 2011-2014. 

10 Anodes Based on Both Alloying and Conversion Reaction 

Different materials in which a Li alloying-dealloying element is added to a conversion of transition metal oxide have been investigated, hoping that the addition of the two effects would improve the electrochemical properties. The most promising materials entering this category are oxides with spinel structure. 

These are not the only spinel that belongs to this family, which include CdFe204, but Cd is toxic. Since the electrochemical properties of CdFe204 are not better than those of Z11M2O4 (M= Co, Fe) that are more friendly for the environment, only the Zn-based spinels wiU be considered here. The reactions that govern the electrochemical properties are written hereunder for ZnCo204 and will also apply with Co replaced by Fe  

Another normal spinel oxide, ZnFe204, is cost competitive, with a theoretical capacity of 1072 mAh g. Carbon-coated ZnFe204 nanoparticles can also dehver 

---