Animal models glomerular function

Although the data are not conclusive, hyperlipidemia has been associated as a susceptibility factor for CKD in both animal and human studies. The use of lipid-lowering agents in some animal models has been found to decrease the extent of glomerular injury when both underlying renal disease and hyperlipidemia are present. Therefore the correction of lipid abnormalities in patients with CKD was proposed to have a beneficial effect on the rate of progression of the disease. CKD with or without nephrotic syndrome is frequently accompanied by abnormalities in fipoprotem metabolism. The prevalence of hyperlipidemia appears to increase as kidney function declines and with the presence of the nephrotic syndrome. ... 

Animal models of diseases, as well as studies in patients with congestive heart failure, liver cirrhosis or renal insufficiency, have shown that prostanoids contribute to normal renal function by regulating vascular tone and normal blood flow (Harris, 2002 Parente and Perretti, 2003). PGE is involved in the regulation of sodium reabsorption, and its inhibition results in sodium retention that can manifest clinically in a variety of ways, such as peripheral edema, increased blood pressure, weight gain, and occasionally deterioration or heart failure. PGI increases potassium secretion and, since it has vasodilatory properties, it increases renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate (Harris, 2002). 

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