Anesthetics delirium caused

Phencyclidine (l-[l-phenylcyclohexyl] piperidine, PCP) was originally developed as an intravenous anesthetic in the 1950s. Used for this indication, it causes a trance-like state without loss of consciousness and was hence classified as a dissociative anesthetic. However, it was soon withdrawn from human use because it produced unpleasant hallucinations, agitation, and delirium. The product was later used in veterinary medicine. Ketamine, a chemically closely related substance, was developed to replace PCP and is stiU in use as a dissociative anesthetic in children. Ketamine is less potent than PCP, and its effects are of shorter duration. However, it may also cause hallucinations (see the section on ketamine in Chapter 7, Club Drugs ). Much of the ketamine sold on the street (special K, cat Valium) has been diverted from veterinarians offices. 

Ketamine (special K, jet, green), chemically related to PCP, is a veterinary anesthetic that can cause hallucinations, delirium, and vivid dreams. 

PCP receptor (NMDA charmel) GRINl Agonism Anesthetic properties, may induce psychosis (schizophrenia like). hallucination, delirium and disoriented behavior, may cause seizures, neurotoxicity. 

Sevoflurane often causes postoperative delirium and agitation in children, and this may be severe. The effect of intravenous clonidine 2 pg/kg on the incidence and severity of postoperative agitation has been assessed in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in 40 boys who had anesthetic induction with sevoflurane after oral midazolam premedication (32). There was agitation in 16 of those who received placebo and two of those who received clonidine the agitation was severe in six of those given placebo and none of those given clonidine. 

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