And Camphor

First wash with a volume of Glacial Acetic Acid equal to the amount of Sassafras Oil being processed. This will remove Euge-nol, Pinene and Camphor from the oil. 

The structure of the bicychc monoterpene borneol is shown in Figure 26 7 Isoborneol a stereoisomer of borneol can be prepared in the labora tory by a two step sequence In the first step borneol is oxidized to camphor by treatment with chromic acid In the second step camphor is reduced with sodium borohydride to a mixture of 85% isoborneol and 15% borneol On the basis of these transformations deduce structural formulas for isoborneol and camphor... 

Pine Oil. This oil is obtained by extraction and fractionation or by steam distillation of the wood of Pinuspalustris Mill, and other species. Most of the oil is produced ia the southeastern United States. The composition of the oil depends on the fractions chosen, but the chief constituents are terpene alcohols, mainly terpiaeol. Piae oil finds use as a germicide ia disiafectants and soaps as an ingredient ia iasecticides, deodorants, poHshes, sweepiag compounds, and catde sprays and as raw material for the manufacture of perfumery-grade terpiaeol [8000-41 -7], anethole [104-46-1], fenchone (137), and camphor (35). 

Class II liquids with flashpoints at or above 100°F but below 140°F. Examples of Class II flammable liquids are kerosene and camphor oil (NFPA Diamond 2). 

The first plastic was celluloid, made of nitrocellulose softened by vegetable oils and camphor. It was used for car windshields and for movie film. The first completely synthetic plastic was bakelite (1910) produced from phenol and formaldehyde for use in the electrical industry. 

Bnt Iq spite of this same hitter, herbaceous, and camphor-like-... 

The action of magnesium on pinene hydrochloride gives rise to bomyl esters, and camphor can be obtained from these in the usual manner. 

The C2-symmetric epoxide 23 (Scheme 7) reacts smoothly with carbon nucleophiles. For example, treatment of 23 with lithium dimethylcuprate proceeds with inversion of configuration, resulting in the formation of alcohol 28. An important consequence of the C2 symmetry of 23 is that the attack of the organometallic reagent upon either one of the two epoxide carbons produces the same product. After simultaneous hydrogenolysis of the two benzyl ethers in 28, protection of the 1,2-diol as an acetonide ring can be easily achieved by the use of 2,2-dimethoxypropane and camphor-sulfonic acid (CSA). It is necessary to briefly expose the crude product from the latter reaction to methanol and CSA so that the mixed acyclic ketal can be cleaved (see 29—>30). Oxidation of alcohol 30 with pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC) provides alde-... 

Adsorption of various organic compounds (e.g., cyclohexanol, adamantanol-1, and camphor) has been studied at a renewed Sn + Pb alloy/electrolyte interface.820-824 The time variation of the surface composition depends on the solution composition, the nature and concentration of the surface-active substance, and on E. The " of cyclohexanol for just-renewed Sn + Pb alloys shifts toward more negative E with time, i.e., as the amount of Pb at the Sn + Pb alloy surface increases. 

The flash point represents the minimum temperature at which an ignitable mixture exists above a liquid surface. By definition, flash points are inapplicable to gases. Some solids, e.g. naphthalene and camphor, are easily volatilized on heating so that flammable mixtures develop above the solid surface and hence flash points can be determined. (However, although these substances can be ignited, they generally need to be heated above their flash points in order for combustion to be sustained this is the fire point .)... 

The major structural difference between monocyclic and bicyclic compounds should be obvious camphene and camphor exhibit bridged structures. It should be noted, however, that the monocyclic compounds can be further distinguished from each other based on the position of the oxygen atom, located at C-2 in carvone, and at C-3 in pulegone, and in the menthones. Work by others had shown that the... 

Menthol and camphor have caused respiratory distress in infants and should not be used in children under 2 years of age. Despite limits on the concentration of available products, camphor can be toxic to children even in small amounts.45 Patients should be advised to keep the products out of the reach of children. 

Fry and Newberg 1,2> examined the electrochemical reduction of nor-camphor oxime (109) and camphor oxime (110) to the corresponding amines. The results of this study are shown in Table 3. It is clear from a comparison of these data with those in Table 2 that the electrochemical reduction of oximes 109 and 110 takes a very different stereochemical course from reduction of the corresponding anils 103 and 104. Reduction of oximes apparently proceeds under kinetic control, affords products corresponding to protonation at carbon from the less hindered side of the carbon-nitrogen double bond, and affords the less stable epimeric amine in each case. It is not evident why the stereochemistry of reduction of anils and oximes should differ, however. 

Langlois synthesized (lS,5R)-44 by employing [3+2] cycloaddition between methyl methacrylate and camphor-derived oxazoline N-oxide (A) as the key-step (Scheme 66) [98]. 

The first of the thermoplastic synthetic polymers to be developed was celluloid, made by combining nitrated cellulose (pure cotton subjected to nitric acid) and camphor (C10H16O), a plasticizer. The motivation was a search for a replacement for the ivory used in making billiard balls. It became a commercial product circa 1865, and is still used for making ping-pong balls. 

Because both enantiomers, (+) and (-)-camphoric add, are available by oxidation either from natural (+)-D-camphor or from natural (-)-L-borneol, both enantiomers of camphanoyl chloride can be prepared conveniently.3 5 The corresponding enantiomers of camphanic acid were described for the first time by Wreden6and Aschan.7 The three-step procedure, described above is an adaptation of procedures described by Aschan,8 Zelinsky et al.,9 Meyer et al.,10 and Gerlach.3... 

Menthone and camphor undergo asymmetric hydrosilylation to give alkoxysilanes with up to 82% optical purity using neutral rhodium(I) catalysts containing DIOP or neomenthyl- or menthyl-diphenylphos-phine even triphenylphosphine gave about 65% ee (300). Hydrolysis to alcohols was not reported. The ferrocenyl ligands (28, 29) are similarly effective for asymmetric hydrosilylation (255), and could be used for production of the optically active alcohols. 

He named this plastic Parkesine. The Parkesine was later named celluloid in USA. In America, during 1868, a prize of 10000 was offered for discovery of any substitute for Ivory J.W. Hyatt made a billiard ball from nitrocellulose and camphor and called it celluloid and won this prize. Celluloid is highly inflammable as nitrocellulose is an explosive so attempts were made to discover other plastics. 

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