Amplification of signals

Surface relief nanostructures may be used to create LSPs. In contrast to using particles to excite plasmons, surface relief patterns have an advantage of no aggregation and thus offer reliable sensing performance. Much part of the discussion addresses field enhancement in the near-field. Near-field enhancement can lead to amplification of signals produced by bio-molecular interactions near surface. 

One important advantage of the electrolytic conductivity detector is its simplicity. It requires no amplification of signal, thus eliminating the electrometer necessary for the other systems. In the reducing mode, it is... 

Another important goal of various detection systems is the enhancement of sensitivity through amplification of signal, as we will discuss later in this chapter. 

In effect, the AR technique is an effective and simple technique of pre-detection-phase amplification. It is generally accepted, although not well understood, that AR-induced amplification of signal is the result of... 

Procedures are complicated, involving repeating cycles of reactions labor and costs may be a drawback to widespread application background staining increasing with amplification of signal ... 

Just as in ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, derivative techniques have also been applied to the analysis of fluorescent substances in multicomponent preparations. The advantages here are reported to be the enhanced spectral resolution and amplification of signal that manifests with substances exhibiting narrower spectral bands. Derivative spectrofluorimetric techniques have been applied, for example, to the determination of chlorpromazine sulfoxide in chlorpromazine hydrochloride preparations. 

The BRAB system is essentially the same as the LAB system except that the avidin is not conjugated to an enzyme. Here, the avidin acts as a bridge to connect the biotinylated secondary antibody and biotinylated enzyme. Since the avidin has multiple biotin binding sites, this system allows more biotinylated enzyme to be complexed with a resulting amplification of signal, thus making the system potentially more sensitive than the LAB system. 

Amplification of signals in optical communications fibres uses ... 

Immunoprecipitation is a sensitive technique, especially when it is combined with detection by I-labeled antibodies. Labeling the first antibody with produces a more specific reagent and, therefore, cleaner immunoblot, although it may be less sensitive, since it does not have the amplification of signal (and background), which occurs with methods incorporating another layer in the detection system. 

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