Amplification interchain

Amplification of C emission upon excitation of CPE, relative to that upon direct excitation of C is an important advantage of CPE-based FRET sensors, which benefits from the rapid intrachain and interchain energy migration from CPE to C via FRET. The detection sensitivity of CCP-based DNA sensor thus is enhanced to an extent dependent on the signal amplification of C emission. Amplification factor is defined as the intensity ratio of the saturated CCP-sensitized C emission to the intrinsic C emission in the absence of CCP. To acquire large signal amplification, it is necessary to review the factors affecting the FRET process from CCP to C. Equation (1) describes the calculation of FRET rate (KVRi T) [67] ... 

A polymer whisker is a spontaneously formed assembly with a higher-ordered structure and could be used as a single fiber for amplification of the intrinsic properties of the polymer. The whiskers of aromatic polyesters such as poly(para-oxybenzoyl) and poly(2-oxo-6-naphthoyl) have been intensively investigated [31, 32], while there have been only few reports on the whiskers of conjugated polymers such as poly(3-alkylthiophene) [33]. When a helical conjugated polymer with a whisker structure is designed, the intrachain and interchain interactions must be balanced by precisely controlling the van der Waals, rr-electron overlap, and electrostatic interactions. 

Self-assembled structures are supramolecular assemblies of covalent backbones structured through intra- and interchain noncovalent interactions. These secondary structures arise from steric constraints and a network of weak interactions (i.e., hydrogen or Van der Waals bonding, dipole-dipole or amphiphilic interactions). Helical morphologies are stiU rarely represented in these artificial species but the control of the heHx sense, and a better knowledge of the chiral amplification mechanism, is highly desirable due to their potential use in many applications. For example, helically chiral polymers can be used as chiral stationary phases for HPLC or for catalysis. 

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