Amphoteric cations

Water solubility is determined by polymer structure (linear, branched, etc.), concentration and placement of charged species [ionomeric (cationic or anionic) or amphoteric (cationic and anioiuc)], hydrophihc/hydrophobic substituents, and hydrogen bonding, to name the more commonly encountered factors. In general, polymer water solubility requires polar functional... 

Various modes of ordering are feasible. In systems with amphoteric cations (< .., Al34-), the fraction of Al3+ in tetrahedral or octahedral sites is a possible order parameter. Strain may lead to a bending of Si-O bonds. Periodic distributions of the components in space, along with elastic and/or electrostatic interactions, indicate spinodal ordering (demixing). Some examples will illustrate these general features. 

Network formers Network-modifiers Amphoteric cations... 

The industrially Impoilanl glasses arc based on three dimensional Si04-telrahedra linked via common oxygen atoms. The network-moditlers arc ihc holes in the network. Incorporated amphoteric cations can be nctwork-lorming or network-modifying... 

Antimony(III) belongs to the group of amphoteric cations and will react to an increase in pH by forming a white precipitate of hydrated antimony(III), which dissolves upon further addition of base through the formation of antimonites. 

Properties Amphoteric/cationic Uses Disinfectants deodorants surfactant in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, skin disinfectants Trade Name Synonyms Rewoteric QAM 50 [Goldschmidt http //www. goldschmidt com, Goldschmidt AG... 

The extent to which a metal hydroxide dissolves in both acid and base depends on the degree to which it is amphoteric. Cations that form amphoteric hydroxides include Al, Cr, Zn ", Pb, and Sn. Other metal hydroxides, such as those of Ca, Fe, and Fe, are not amphoteric—they become soluble in acidic solutions, but not in basic ones. 

Features Compat. with anionic, amphoteric, cationic surfactants available in Kosher grade... 

Features Compat. with anionic, amphoteric, cationic surfactants available in Kosher grade stable in aq. acidic and alkaline sol ns Regulatory FDA 21 CFR 180.1001 (c)(e), 182.99 Europe EINECS Canada DSL ... 

Features Good stability in presence of org. acids and diluted inorg. acids low foaming compat. with anionic, amphoteric, cationic, and nonionic surfactants Properties Gardner 6 low vise. cl. liq. dens. 8.2 Ib/gal pH 10 (10% aq.) Environmental Biodeg. 

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