Amphetamine addiction: animal

Lewander, T. Effects of amphetamine in animals. In Martin, W.R., ed. Drug Addiction. II. New York Springer-Verlag. 1977. p. 33. 

The classification of NMDA antagonists as nonaddictive drugs was based on early assessments, which, in the case of PCP, have recently been questioned. In fact, animal research shows that PCP can increase mesolimbic dopamine concentrations and has some reinforcing properties in rodents. Concurrent effects on both thalamocortical and mesolimbic systems also exist for other addictive drugs. Psychosis-like symptoms can be observed with cannabinoids, amphetamines, and cocaine, which may reflect their effects on thalamocortical structures. For example, cannabinoids, in addition to their documented effects on the mesolimbic dopamine system, also enhance excitation in cortical circuits through presynaptic inhibition of GABA release. 

Takahashi reported the detectioir of methamphetamine and amphetamine in hairs of monkeys after administration of methamphetamine. He used trifluoroacetic anhydride (TFAA) for derivatization and OV-101 as the GC column. He found the highest amount of both compounds in the fourth week. Then they decreased gradually. Nagai et al. presented a method for the detection of methamphetamine and amphetamine in hair of addicts, as well as in hair, bones, and teeth after animal experiments. They used a packed column (PC) with 5% PEG 6000 + 5%-KOH and M-ethylbenzylamine as the internal standard (IS). 

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