Amorphous excess free volume

The excess of volume is one of the most important features which distinguishes the amorphous from the crystalline state of matter of the same chemical structure. In an amorphous body, one can observe some excess volume which exists in the form of free volume and plays the key role in the kinetic properties of the body 38). 

Dlubek et al. [2005a] applied the methodology described above [Eqs. (12.5) and (12.6)1 to estimate the density of holes, N h from plots of Va versus (w ), where Va is the specific volume of the whole amorphous phase, computed via Eq. (12.45), or from plots of V/ versus (vh), where V/ is the excess specific free volume of the entire amorphous phase, computed as Vf = Va — Vqcc = A a(ua). In each case appropriate corrections were made for the temperature dependence of Voce... 

A slight excess of a 10% sodium hydroxide solution was added to a solution of 23 grams of silver nitrate in 300 cc of water. The precipitated silver oxide was washed free of silver ion with distilled water. To a suspension of the silver oxide in 200 cc of water, a solution of 25 grams of (3-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl dimethylammonium iodide in 300 cc of water was added. The precipitate of silver iodide was removed by filtration and the filtrate concentrated to a volume of about 100 cc In vacuo. The remainder of the water was removed by lyophilization. (3-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl dimethylammonium hydroxide was obtained as a hygroscopic, amorphous solid,... 

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