Ephedrine Ammonium chloride

The E values of ephedrine sulfate, boric acid, and ammonium chloride are 0.23, 0.52, and 1.08, respectively. 

Chlophedianol, Ipecac, Ephedrine, Ammonium Chloride, Carbinoxamine, and Balsam Tolu Syrup... 

Add and dissolve the following ingredients with mixing dextromethorphan HBr, ephedrine HC1 (if used), ammonium chloride, chlorpheniramine maleate, and phenylephrine HC1. 

Methylpentynol Bulk TLC extracted 50% EtOH (15 ml) RT, 30 min, centrifuged, filtered. ISTD-benzyltriethyl-ammonium chloride cm 75 ID, 28 kV Silica 0.005M barium hydroxide (pH 10) CHCI3-acctonc (4 1) KMnO, methylpseudo-ephedrine 5 min, pseudoephedrine 6.2 min, ephedrine 6.8 min, methylephedrine 7.8 min. norpseudoephedrine 8.1 min, norephedrine 8.8 min GC 2] [1]... 

Notice the diversity in structure of lhe.se proton dunurs. They include the classical hydrochloric acid (reaction a). Ihc weakly acidic dihydrogen phosphate anion (reaction b). the ammonium cation as is found in ammonium chloride (reaction c), the carboxylic acetic acid (reaction d). Ihc cnolic form of phenobarbital (reaction e), Ihe carboxylic acid moiety of indomelhacin (reaction j), Ihc imidc of saccharin (reaction g). and the prolonaied amine of ephedrine (reaction h). Because all are proton donors, they mu.st be treated as acids when calculating the pH uf a solution or percent ionization of the drug. At the same lime, as nuted below, there are important differences in the pharmaceutical properties of ephedrine hydrochloride (an acid salt of an amine) and lho.se of indomelhacin. phenobarbital. or saccharin. 

The rate at which any of the enantiomers is eliminated depends upon the urinary pH. At high pHs, excretion time is prolonged. At low pH ranges, excretion is accelerated. In controlled laboratory studies, where volunteer subjects were given either bicarbonate or ammonium chloride, the higher the urine pH, the more slowly the ephedrine and pseudoephedrine were excreted. Conversely, when the urine pH is low, excretion is accelerated (71). The importance of these observations is hard to assess, because without the addition of bicarbonate, urine pH values in the general population rarely approach 8.0. A study of pseudoephedrine pharmacokinetics in 33 volunteers who were not treated with drugs to alter urine pH found that these parameters could not be... 

Alkalinisation of the urine (e.g. by sodium bicarbonate) causes retention of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine by the kidneys, leading to the possible development of toxicity (tremors, anxiety, insomnia, tachycardia). Acidification of the urine (e.g. with ammonium chloride) has the opposite effect. 

When the urine was made aeidie (pH of about 5) with ammonium chloride, the exeretion of ephedrine in the urine of three healthy subjects was two to fourfold higher than when the urine was made alkaline (pH of about 8) with sodium bicarbonate. ... 

Acidification of the urine with ammonium chloride increases the loss of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine in the urine and could be exploited in cases of drug overdosage. 

M7 Methamphetamine via Birch reduction Ephedrine Ammonia Ammonium chloride Eithium or sodium Sodium chloride Tetrahydrofuran... 

The following technique was evolved by Allport and Jones for the colorimetric determination of small quantities of procaine in injections and tablets. Adrenaline, ephedrine, boric acid, chlorbutol, sodium sulphite, ammonium chloride, sodium chloride and sodium phosphate, as the substances normally dispensed with procaine, were shown not to interfere, but it should be noted that the method is not applicable to solutions preserved with cresols or other phenols. 

Benzylquininium chloride has been studied as a catalyst for the asymmetric Michael reaction. Reaction of amidoma-lonate (5) and chalcone (4) with catalytic base and a variety of chiral, nonracemic ammonium salts in the absence of solvent produced (6) in yields of 41-68% and 20-68% ee (eq 2). The quinine-derived salt (1) was of intermediate effectiveness (38% ee, 47% yield) when compared to ephedrine-based catalysts. Although (1) was not specifically tested with regard to solvation effects, it is suggested that increased aggregation of reactive species under solid-liquid PTC conditions leads to enhanced organization and selec-... 

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