Ammonia Fauser process

Early production involved neutralization of concentrated aqueous ammonium hydroxide with nitric acid, followed by evaporation of much of the water and crystallization of the product. High capital, labor, and energy costs of this batch process have led to it being superseded by the Fauser continuous process or variations of this. The Fauser process contacts ammonia gas with concentrated nitric acid and uses the heat of reaction to evaporate a part of the original water... 

Fauser An early process for making ammonia. Developed by G. Fauser in Italy in 1924. 

Montedison, which originally participated in the Momecaiini-Fauser joint venture to market a number of total-recycle variants, and now presents its IDR (Isobaric Double Recycle process) technique. TTiis process operates at 20.10 Pa absolute, around 190 to 200, with an N/C ratio of4 to 5 in the reactor. Unconverted carbamate is decomposed in two successive gas stripping steps, one with ammonia, and the second with CO 2. in the pressure conditions of urea s nthesis, i.e.. 10 Pa absolute. 

In the early 1920 s, the modem chemical industry came into existence in Italy. Guido Donegani transformed the Montecatini firm from a mining venture into a verticalized chemical firm, having as a base the know-how acquired with the development of the process for ammonia synthesis by G. Fauser SNIA entered the field of artificial fibers. Separate statistics for the chemical industry have been available since 1922 its growth in the 1922-1935 period paralleled that of industry as a whole (20). 

An estimate of world ammonia capacity for 1932-33, showed that the Haber-Bosch process represented 53 per cent, Casale 16 per cent, Fauser 11 per cent, Claude 8 per cent, Mont Cenis 6 per cent, Nitrogen Engineering Corporation (USA) 5 per cent, and Showa Hiryo (Japan) 1 per cent. Together the various operational plants had the ability to produce three million tons of ammonia nitrogen, though by 1935 only 43 per cent of this figure was actually manufactured. ... 

During the 1930 s and the Second World War the worldwide production capacity was increasing rapidly, and in 1945 about 125 ammonia plants existed with a total capacity of 4.5 million tonnes/year. The most important processes at that time were Haber-Bosch, Casale, Claude, Fauser, NEC and Mont Cenis. 

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