Aminoethanoic acid

Glycine (Gly or G) (aminoacetic acid, aminoethanoic acid) is a nonpolar, neutral, aliphatic amino acid with the formula HOOCCH(NH2)H. Gly is the simplest amino acid and plays important roles in peptide and protein chains. It does not contain a side chain and can thus fit into secondary structures where larger amino acids cannot. Gly acts as a transmitter in the CNS where it accomplishes several functions. Gly is a precursor of porphyrins. Gly, Pro, aspartate, Ser, and Asn enable reverse turns. The acylated amino group of Gly can accept a second acyl group to give rise to a diacylamide. ... 

Glycine. See Aminoacetie or Aminoethanoic Acid in Vol 1 of Encycl, p A178-L... 

Aminoacetic Acid Aminoethanoic Acid Glycine or Glycocoll (Gelatin Sugar or Glycocin) (Leim zucker or Leimsiiss in Ger and Sucre de gelatine, in Fr)HjN-CHj C00H, mw 75.07, N 18.66%. 

The common amino acids are referred to through trivial names (for example, glycine would not be named either 2-aminoethanoic acid or amino-acetic acid in the amino acid and peptide literature). Table 1.1 summarises conventions and gives structures. The rarer natural amino acids are usually named as derivatives of the common amino acids, if they do not have their own trivial names related to their natural source (Table 1.2), but apart from these, there are occasional examples of the use of systematic names for natural amino acids. 

Glycine (aminoacetic acid, aminoethanoic acid) is HjN. CHj.COOH, with = 2.4. It is transaminated by an ala-nine-glyoxylate aminotransferase. The glycine can then be incorporated into proteins and used for serine synthesis or simply be degraded. 

Explain why aminoethanoic acid is a solid that is soluble in water. 

Amino acids contain an amino group (-NH2) and a carboxylic acid group (-COOH). Since their formulae can be quite complicated they usually are referred to by their common names rather than their systematic names. For example, H2NCH2COOH is called glycine rather than aminoethanoic acid. Some common amino acids are... 

Aminoethanoic acid. See Sodium glycinate 2-Aminoethanol. See Ethanolamine 2-Aminoethanol, compd. with iodine. See MEA-iodine... 

One group of compounds that exhibit optical isomerism is the Z-amino acids that are used in cells to synthesize proteins. Of the 20 amino acids utilized for this purpose, all but glycine (Z-aminoethanoic acid) are chiral molecules. It is interesting to realize that it is the L-form of all these amino acids that is exclusively used by the protein-synthesizing machinery of the cell. Alanine (2-aminopropanoic acid) illustrates the optical isomerism shown by the 2-amino acids (Figure 20.70). 

The R group is the part of the amino acid that can vary in different amino acids. The simplest amino acid is glycine (systematic name aminoethanoic acid) in which R is an H atom ... 

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