Amines => ammonium salts

Aurantia. See 212,4,4,6(6l-Hexanitrodiphenyl-amine, Ammonium Salt, under Diphenyl amine and Derivatives... 

Amines, Ammonium Salts, Phosphorus and Arsenic Compounds... 

E. Tsuchidaand H. Nishide, Polym. Amines Ammonium Salts, Invited Lect. Contrih. Pap. Int. Symp., 1979, p. 287 (1980) Chem. Abstr. 93, 233890a (1981). 

Knoevenagel condensation [22] is a commonly used synthetic method for forming carbon-carbon bonds. Amines, ammonium salts, or various Lewis acids usually catalyze the reaction, which is strongly solvent-dependent. An improved Knoevenagel condensation reaction of aromatic aldehydes and malononitrile was reported by Ren et al [23]. The experimental protocol entails grinding the aldehydes with malononitrile using a glass mortar and pestle at room temperature for 1 h and alio-... 

Pd-catalyzed reactions of allylic esters such as aUyl acetates, carbonates, and phosphates with soft carbon nucleophiles such as malonate esters are useful for carbon-carbon bond formation (Sects. V.2.1.1-V.2.1.5). hi this section, Pd-catalyzed substitution reactions of nitrogen-containing allylic derivatives such as allylic amines, ammonium salts, tosylim-ides, and nitro compounds are described (Scheme 1). The allylic derivatives of other group 15 atoms have never been used as allyl unit source in Pd-catalyzed alkylation reactions so far. 

Horn, D. (1980) Poly(ethylenimine) - physicochemical properties and apphcations. In E.J. Goethals (ed.), Polymeric Amines Ammonium Salts, Invited Lecture Contribution Paper International Symposium, Pergamon, Oxford, England, pp. 333-355. 

Alkylation (Section 21.12) Amines act as nucleophiles toward alkyl halides. Primary amines yield secondary amines, secondary amines yield primary tertiary amines, and tertiary amines yield quaternary amine ammonium salts. 

Although the earliest acrylic rubbers did not have any special cure site incorporated and had to be cured by such materials as amines, peroxides and metasilicates, the use of special cure-site monomers has been well established for many years and most curing systems have been based upon them. Until the late 1960s these cure systems were based on amines, ammonium salts and related materials. The discovery (Holly et u/., 1965) that very useful and versatile systems could be based on a soap-sulphur combination has drastically altered technological practice. Although some of the early acrylic rubbers are not suitable for this type of cure, rubbers announced since the discovery of this method have been designed to use it. 

Several attempts have been ventured to reduce the viscosity (use of a noncoloring stabilizer such as copper compounds, alkyl amines, ammonium salts,... 

The phase transfer method facilitates the dissolution of carboxylates in nonpolar media. In these solutions, due to relatively poor solvation of anions, carboxylate is an effective nucleophile and reacts readily with alkyl halides. The catalysis of such reactions by amines, ammonium salts and crown ethers and the synthesis of esters by the phase transfer technique is the subject of this chapter. 

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