Epoxy reactions with amine

Pg. 4 - Para. 2. Is it true that the aromatic primary amines reaction with epoxy (the selective reaction in this instance) is catalyzed by acid Salicylic acid in conjunction with an alcoholic hydroxyl carrier (benzyl elcoholi nonyl phenol, furfuryl alcohol, etc.) may do it. But I doubt it if CTBN will. Perhaps I m wrong. But this needs explaining. 

Epoxy Resins. Polysulftdes may also be cured by reaction with epoxy resins (qv) according to the reaction in equation 2. Amines or other catalysts are used and often primary or secondary amine resins are cured together with the polysulfide. 

Certain adhesive formulations have been developed by reaction of silicone polymers containing amine termination with epoxy resins. The resulting products exhibit good flexibility while still maintaining good chemical and thermal stability.27... 

Despite their many attractive features, the search for further improvements in performance and reduction in cost of cyanate esters is never ending and a large number of studies have been devoted to matrix modification through blends, and co-curing of these systems. Reactions of cyanate esters with a variety of functional groups like amines [169], hydroxyl [34, 66], epoxy [170-172], phenols, etc., have been reported, among which the most studied are reactions with epoxy [173,174]. Epoxy-cyanate blends are common and found in many commercial and patented resin formulations. 

The liquid dimer polyamides were first described by Bradley (25). but their reactivity with epoxy resins was first recognized by Renfrew and Wittcoff (26). In reaction with epoxy resins the amine-containing dimer polyamides contribute to water resistance, increased flexibility and adhesion, and most importantly corrosion inhibition properties. 

Fig. 3. Chemistry of Secondary and Primary Amine Cross-linking Reactions with Epoxies...

Simple formulation with the epoxy resin is not satisfactory as reactive groups such as amines present in the epoxy hardener compete with the carboxyl groups in reaction with epoxy groups (v. Toughened epoxide adhesives). As a result, very little RLP is incorporated into the matrix because the epoxy group has a much higher reactivity towards... 

Amines generally do not need a catalyst, as the reaction with epoxy resins occurs spontaneously at room temperature. Therefore, amine curing agents can be used... 

The most common way to convert LP polymers to solid elastomers is to couple the terminal -SH groups. This is done either by oxidation to disulfides using organic or inorganic oxidizing agents or by reaction with epoxy resins, aromatic amines, diisocyanates, aldehydes, etc [16,35] ... 

Rozengerk,v. A. Linetics, Thermodynamics and Mechanism of Reactions of Epoxy Oligomers with Amines. Vol. 75, pp. 113 — 166. 

Melt reaction mechanisms of tertiary aliphatic amine catalyzed phenolic-epoxy reactions were proposed to begin with a trialkylamine abstracting a phenolic hydroxyl proton to form an ion pair (Fig. 7.36). The ion pair was suggested to complex with an epoxy ring, which then dissociated to form a /1-hydroxycther and a regenerated trialkylamine.87... 

Carbon disulphide was used as an extraction solvent when analysing epoxy resins. On one occasion, adding to a hardener produced a vigorous fume-ofif leaving a residue looking like sulfur [1], Amines and complexes thereof are used as hardeners, and the reaction with, especially, polyamines to give dithiocarbamates is surprisingly exothermic [2],... 

The reaction of the epoxide with a thiol group yields a thioether linkage, whereas reaction with a hydroxyl gives an ether and reaction with an amine results in a secondary amine bond. The relative reactivity of an epoxy group is thiol > amine > hydroxyl, and this is reflected by... 

Figure 25.9 Epichlorohydrin can be used to activate the hydroxyl group of mPEG, creating an epoxy derivative. Reaction with amine-containing molecules yields secondary amine bonds.

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