Ambient dose equivalent

One of the limiting quantities in radiological protection against exposure of people is the effective dose (the others being equivalent doses to the lens of the eye and to the skin (e.g. see Section II-8 of Ref. [1]). As this is not a directly measurable quantity, operational quantities had to be created which are measurable. These quantities are ambient dose equivalent for strongly penetrating radiation and... 

Recently Prokic (1996) developed a system of detection for environmental monitoring. The system consists of three sintered CaS04 Dy pellets and one MgB4(>7 Dy,Na detector. Two Ca sulfate detectors are filtered by 2 and 1.5 mm Cu respectively and the third is only covered by plastic. The low-Z (Z = 8.55) Mg borate detector is covered by only a plastic filter. The Mg borate detector showed one TL peak near 190 C. It was prepared from very pure materials and a special preparation method. Its TL sensitivity exceeded that of TLD-100 by a factor of 6-15. The low-dose limits were 2 and 3 pGy for the Ca sulfate and Mg borate detectors respectively. The detector with the 2 mm Cu filter was used for the determination of the ambient dose equivalent H (10) and that with the 1.5 mm Cu served for the determination of H (0.07) for photons. The ratio of the readings of the unfiltered and the 2 mm Cu filtered detectors provided information of the spectral distribution of the radiation. Wemli (1990) developed a TLD system very similar to the above, to measure the ICRU dose quantities H(10) and H(0.07) in evironmental dosimetry. 

Also ambient dose equivalent, directional dose equivalent, personal dose equivalent, organ equivalent dose. 

Both toxins exhibit similar dose-response profiles and both toxins elicit the apparent hypothermia to the same extent and for the same duration. This response, whether promoted by the fish toxin or the dinoflagellate toxin, is reversed by increasing ambient temperature. In addition, both toxins evoke equivalent gross symptoms of malaise. These similarities in biological traits suggest that more than a casual relationship exists between ciguatoxin and maitotoxin. 

The measured 45 MeV half-brightness dose for several fluor materials can be found in Table 2. Note that the right column in both the ambient temperature and 150°C data sections of Table 1 are labeled Ratio (45/3). These columns contain entries for the halfbrightness dose measured at 45° MeV divided by the equivalent value at 3 MeV. For example, the proton N /2 for YAG Ce was measured to be 2.2 times larger at 45 MeV than it was at 3 MeV for the ambient temperature samples. The same ratio for the 150°C data indicates that YAG Ce takes 12.2 times more proton irradiation to drop the light intensity to half of its original value. The half-brightness dose values for the ambient temperature samples were 2.2 to 7.3 times... 

Ambient equivalent dose Portable or mobile measurements Proportional counters Time trends can be followed cal ... 

Ambient equivalent dose (Sv) or equivalent Int rated dose measurements TLDs Cheap Easy to use and transport Flexible use No alarm No dose-rate profile Require processing Representative siting is critical... 

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