Aluminate glasses

For example, in bulk appHcations as thermal insulation, synthetic mineral fibers (glass or slag fibers) have adequately replaced natural asbestos fibers. In sprayed insulation coatings, asbestos fibers have been replaced, for example, by vermicuhte. As replacement for asbestos textiles, clothing made from aramid fibers or aluminized glass fibers is being offered (see High PERFORMANCE FIBERS). 

Figure 4 shows a representative IRAS spectra for a CO-1.5 film cast from a chloroform solution on an aluminized glass slide. The band frequencies and mode assignments are given in Table L These band assignments have been made using an analysis of a similar polymer (11). In addition to the symmetric and asymmetric CH2... 

Infrared reflection-absorption spectra of 42 molecular layers of CO-1.5 deposited on aluminized glass are shown in Figure 6. Spectra are presented at room temperature (- 27 °C) and at the elevated... 

Figure 39 Illustration of a possible lanthanum phosphate-calcium aluminate glass structure for lower LaP04 content in calcium aluminate, derived from Raman and NMR data. For clarity, only a segment of the network is portrayed, with some oxygen atoms removed from the diagram. Taken from Ref. [168].

Electrically conductive pipes are less well known. These pipes are used to prevent electrostatic hazards in oil tanker applications. The pipe for this purpose was developed using glass fiber for reinforcement and carbon fiber to obtain conductivity. There are also methods of production of such pipe where aluminized glass fiber is mixed with reinforcing glass fiber. 

Carlson, K. and Hall, M.. Streaming potential measurements performed on silicate and calcium aluminate glass microspheres, Colloids Surf. A, 325, 101. 2008. 

Aluminate glasses are transparent in the infrared region and these too have specialist applications, although the glass-forming ability is poor. Recently, rare earth aluminate glasses have been developed commercially in optical applications as alternatives to sapphire for use in, for example, infrared windows. 

Neutron and combined neutron and X-ray diffraction data for 64 36 and 50 50 calcium aluminate glasses [40, 48] have been used to determine Al-0 and Ca-0 coordination... 

Calcium aluminate glasses can be made quite easily by air quenching liquids of 61 39 composition, which is the composition most extensively used for glass fiber production [20, 44], The glass-forming ability is considerably enhanced by adding components such as BaO, SrO, and NaO [21] without affecting the optical performance. 

Glasses can be formed from aluminates, but the glass-forming ability is poor. This reflects the fragility of aluminate liquids which, in Y203-A1203 systems leads to anomalous thermodynamic properties. As a result, exotic techniques are used to make aluminate glasses, most importantly container-less levitation. 

W.A. King, and J.E. Shelby, Strontium calcium aluminate glasses. Phys. Cltem. Glasses 37(1), 1-3 (1996). 

C.J. Benmore, et al., A neutron and x-ray diffraction study of calcium aluminate glasses. J. Phys. Conden Matter 15(31), S2413-S2423 (2003). 

M.S.F. Da Rocha, et al., Radiation-induced defects in calcium aluminate glasses. Radiat. Eff. Defects Solids 158(1-6), 363-368 (2003). 

M.C. Wilding, CJ. Benmore, and P.F. McMillan, A neutron diffraction study of yttrium- and lanthanum-aluminate glasses../. Non-Cryst. Solids 297(2-3), 143-155 (2002). 

Triethyl- aluminum Full protection clothing preferably of aluminized glass cloth, goggles, face shield, gloves, in case of fire all purpose canister or self-contained breathing apparatus. Only fumes from fire need to be considered, metal fume fever is not critical lasting less than 36 hours. Wash with water. Treat burns if fire occurred and gets medical attention. Flush with copious amounts of water with lids held open and treat burns if fire occurred and get medical attention. 

The overall glass composition is by far the most important factor in controlling the batch-free time. Simple oxide mixtures, such as those used to produce calcium aluminate glasses, often form eutectic mixtures which melt directly with very short batch-free times. Many non-silicate melts are very fluid at any temperature above the melting point of their components and rapidly dissolve all batch particles. Borate, phosphate, and germanate melts can be formed at much lower temperatures than are typically required for silicate melts. As a result, it is usually easier to decrease their viscosity by increases in temperature, e.g., an increase in temperature from 1000 to 1200 C is more easily attained than an increase from 1400 to 1600 C. 

---