Wild-type allele

Figure 3 depicts in diagrammatic form a small fragment of an object-oriented database schema with four classes, viz., gene, allele, wild type, and mutant. The latter two are subclasses of allele as indicated by the arrow head and explained later. Note also the relationship type from gene to allele named has alleles. The annotations 1 and specify a one-to-many constraint to the effect that an object of class gene may be related to many objects of class allele, but one allele is only related to one gene. 

A shift in temperature from 38 to 22 °C leads to desaturation of fatty acids in Anabaena variabilis [110], resulting in control of the fluidity of the plasma membrane. Mutants have been isolated in Synechocystis PCC 6803 that were defective in desaturation of fatty acids, and the growth rate of one of these mutants was much lower than that of the wild-type at 22 °C [112]. It turned out that the mutant strain had a mutation in the gene desA, and when the wild-type allele was introduced into the chilling-sensitive cyanobacterium Anacystis nidulans, it resulted in increasing the tolerance of that strain to low temperature [113]. These experiments nicely demonstrate the existence of a mechanism of adaptation to low temperature in a chilling-tolerant cyanobacterium. 

Fig. 9.2. Cuticle collagen and morphological mutants of C. elegans. A selection of adult-stage C. elegans morphological mutants were analysed by scanning electron microscopy and compared with the wild-type N2 strain. Mutant alleles depicted are dpy, dumpy rot, roller Ion, long bli, blister. Scale bar represents...

This hypothesis was investigated in a retrospective analysis of the response to an ALOX5 inhibitor, ABT-761, which is clinically similar to zileuton. In 221 patients with asthma who received either high-dose ABT-761 (n= 114) or placebo (n= 107] treatment, approximately 6% of asthmatic patients had no wild-type allele... 

C=wild type allele, T = mutant allele, n = number of subjects, 95% Cl = 95% confidence interval. 

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