All or nothing process

The sequential and often cooperative disassembly of double-helical structure, occurring whenever the sample temperature exceeds the so-called melting temperature (Tm) for a given segment of DNA. Because of the low concentrations of intermediate states lying between helix and coil structures, the helix-coil transition can be approximated as a two-state, all-or-nothing process. See DNA Unwinding Kinetic Model for Small DNA... 

Efficiency and cooperativity As will be discussed below, the construction of large structures by self-assembly is much more effective than obtaining them step by step. In many cases the assembly is a cooperative all or nothing process. 

Generalizing, one could state that the mass-action model simulates a cooperative (all or nothing) process with respect to large n values. This model is somewhat... 

On the basis of the foregoing it was concluded that the liberation of 36 basic groups occurred as an all-or-nothing process coincident with denaturation. The evidence offered for the second step above, however, was... 

Closed association is concerned with an all or nothing process with only two types of particles being involved ... 

A DBMS performs what is called transaction management. This process allows multiple users to access and store data in the database without cormption. The abiUty to do this is particularly important when data are being written to the DBMS, because power intermptions or hardware failure can cause database transactions to be incompletely processed. Transaction managers use the "all or nothing" principle all the data is written to the DBMS, ie, the transaction is completed, or none of it is written. 

All the above examples, from the Drosophila rDNA to human repeated sequences, indicate the extent to which a proper detailed analysis of variant repeat distributions that are either in states of transition or are permanently restricted yield important information on the rates, biases, and constraints of the underlying molecular mechanisms, the extent to which they are involved with the activities of one another, and the subtleties of the molecular drive process that underpin concerted evolution. They should discourage both the simplistic view of concerted evolution as an all-or-nothing phenomenon and the naive generalization that the dynamics of genomic turnover operate in the same way, in all species, for all time.13,14... 

As far as we are aware, no a priori calculations, have even been carried out to evaluate Pc from the molecular properties of the collision partners, its order of magnitude has only been found a posteriori for reaction systems. It is, therefore, impossible to make a direct numerical comparison between the frequency factors A found for the process of stepwise activation Eq. VII.36 and for the "all or nothing" kinetic theory activation Eq. VII.41. The following indirect comparison is, however, instructive. Measurements on the rate of activation of J2 at about 300°K in various inert gases such as He, Ne, A, Kr, and N2 have shown22 that the frequency factor A is of the order of about 5x 1016 cm3/mole /sec. Since the collision number Z is only about 1014 cm3/mole/sec at 300°K, even a value of Pc = 1, which corresponds to unit efficiency in direct collisional activation, could not raise the calculated A-value for the standard collision.theory (Eq. VII.41) to the observed one. This is, of course, one of the old and vexing problems in chemical kinetics,17... 

The price of parametric release is in process control. The requirement to control processes is critical. There is no defence to the legal barrier discussed above if the sterility test is dropped in favor of process controls that are inadequate. Processes should not only be controlled but monitored, and there must be predetermined standards for process characteristics, and these standards must be met, or product must be rejected. Parametric release is an all-or-nothing condition—there is no way that a batch of product can be tested and released by an end-product sterility test if satisfactory process criteria are not met. 

When this occurs, and when AG and are large enough, considerable work will be dissipated in the viscoelastic process that constitutes fibril formation, before fibril rupture. That is to say. Equations (lb) or (3b) constitute the necessary condition for high strength. This may be considered a local "all-or-nothing" criterion. There will be a critical level of interfacial force, and of free... 

An event tree tends to assume an all or nothing simation either the system works, or it does not work. This may be appropriate for nuclear power plants, but partial failure and reduced capacities are much more likely to occur in the process industries. 

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