Alkyne-derived complexes

Stable zirconate complexes of type 31 have also been described by the [3 + 2] cycloaddition of a-phosphino zirconaindene with alkyne derivatives, and the method has been extended to the synthesis of zirconium complexes from various heterocumulenes X=C=Y (X,Y=0,S,CyN) (Scheme 15) [69,70]. 

The diamagnetic ylide complexes 34 have been obtained from the reaction of electron-deficient complexes [MoH(SR)3(PMePh2)] and alkynes (HC=CTol for the scheme), via the formal insertion of the latter into the Mo-P bond. The structural data show that 34 corresponds to two different resonance-stabilized ylides forms 34a (a-vinyl form) and 34b (carbene ylide form) (Scheme 17) [73]. Concerning the group 7 recent examples of cis ylide rhenium complexes 36 cis-Me-Re-Me) have been reported from the reaction of the corresponding trans cationic alkyne derivatives 35 with PR" via a nucleophilic attack of this phosphine at the alkyne carbon. 

Two S/P ligands derived from camphor, CamPHOS and MeCamPHOS were also developed by these authors for the diastereoselective coordination to alkyne-hexacarbonyldicobalt complexes (Scheme 10.68). These two ligands were converted in good yields into their borane-protected forms. The influence of the alkyne group (R) on their coordination to dicobalt-hexacarbonyl-alkyne complexes was evaluated. It was shown that MeCamPHOS ligand provided a... 

A different synthetic access to a 1 -metallacyclopropene, which can be a versatile organometallic synthon, is displayed in Scheme 33. The mono-alkyne derivatives of W(IV)-calix[4]arene are easily accessible through the thermal displacement of cyclohexene from 32 using the appropriate acetylenes. The reaction led to complexes 34 and 172-174. The proposed 3-metallacyclopropene has been confirmed from the spectroscopic and the X-ray data. The H NMR data reveal a cone conformation of the calixarene with a four-fold symmetry, for which the... 

An intermolecular cyclotrimerization of an acetylenic nitrile was reported to proceed via the same alkyne-tantalum complex. The resultant pyridine derivative was obtained in 73% yield (Scheme 56).210... 

On the basis of the above-mentioned calculations it seems that coordination chemistry is a viable alternative to stabilize this heterocumulene. However, the experimental access to metal complexes containing the tricarbon monoxide ligand remains a challenge. Thus, to date, the coordination chemistry of C3O is confined to [Cr(=C=C=C=0)(C0)s] (89), obtained by treatment of [n-Bu4N] [CrI(CO)5] with the silver acetylide derived of sodium propiolate in the presence of Ag" (Scheme 28) [105]. Reaction of the presumed Tt-alkyne intermediate complex 88 with thiophosgene generates the heterocumulene 89. Neither structural nor reactivity studies were undertaken with this complex. 

As described in this chapter, vinylidene complexes of Group 6 metals have been utilized for the preparation of various synthetically useful compounds through electrophilic activation or electrocyclization of terminal alkyne derivatives. These intermediates are quite easily generated from terminal alkynes and M(CO)6, mostly by photo-irradiation and will have abundant possibilities for the catalytic activation of terminal alkynes. Furthermore, it should be emphasized that one of the most notable characteristic features of the vinylidene complexes of Group 6 metals is their dynamic equilibrium with the it-alkyne complex. Control of such an equilibrium would bring about new possibilities for unique metal catalysis in synthetic reactions. 

Treatment of epoxy-alkyne derivatives 314 with dicobalthexacarbonyl [Co2(CO)6] and a catalytic quantity of Lewis acid, followed by oxidative demetallation of the intermediate cobalt complex 315 affords 2-alkynyl-3-acetoxy tetrahydropyrans 316 in excellent yield. Syn- or tf /7-tetrahydropyrans are obtained by selection of either the anti- or syn- starting epoxides 314 respectively (Scheme 79, Table 10) <1998T823, 2000JOC6761>. 

Spirocyclic 4-substituted tetrahydropyrans are readily obtained through the Prins reaction involving cyclic ketones, homoallylic alcohols and MeS03H <02H(58)659>. The cationic species generated when alkyne-Co complexes derived from 8-valerolactone are treated with SnCl4 undergo a double cyclisation to yield the oxaspiro[5.5]undecane <02T2755>. 

Alt and co-workers have prepared numerous alkyl (67) and acyl (68) tungsten(II) alkyne complexes. A definitive paper detailing these results was published in 1985 (69). The reaction sequence which converts CpW-(CO)3R and free alkyne to CpW(CO)(RC=CR)R and free CO is not simple. Low temperature photolysis (-30°C) of the reagents in pentane first yields acyl alkyne products [Eq. (15)]. These products result from trapping of the initial alkyl alkyne derivative which rapidly reacts with CO to form the observed acyl product [Eq. (16), L = CO] (69). 

Alt has prepared a cationic cis-carbene alkyne derivative, CpW(CO)-(HC=CH)[C(OEt)Me] + (77), but the presence of both an alkyne ligand and a carbonyl ligand in the d4 coordination sphere as well as a heteroatom on the carbene complicates orientational predictions relative to W(CHPh)-(RC=CR)L2X2. No structural data are yet available for this cationic carbene alkyne complex. 

Tj donation and OMe- it donation. Again, comparison with the nitrosyl complex is relevant as the alkyne carbons in CpW(CO)(HC=CH)(NO) resonate near 100 ppm (106 and 98 ppm), in accord with expectations for d6 octahedral alkyne derivatives (160). 

Alkyne adducts of M0CI4 were reported in 1973 by Greco et al. (221). An array of monomeric (222) and dimeric (223) d2 W(IV) complexes related to [W(C1C=CC1)C15] has been reported by Dehnicke. Schrock has prepared Mo(IV) and W(IV) alkyne derivatives with halide, alkoxide (224), and thiolate (225) ligands present. Other d2 monomers with alkyne ligands have terminal oxo (226,227), nitrene (228), and sulfido (61) ligands. 

As mentioned above, in derivatives containing n-bonded metal-ligand fragments, changes to the geometries of the carbon chains also parallel those found in analogous alkyne-MLra complexes.383... 

The increased stabilization of Co2(CO)g(R"C2R ") complexes with more electronegative alkyne substituents is associated with the strengthening of the alkyne-cobalt bond due to increased back-donation of the electrons from cobalt d orbitals to the 77 orbitals of the alkyne derivative. 

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