Phenol, alkyl subs

Hydrodesulfurization of certain hydroxy-437 and methoxy-sub-stituted615 alkybenzo[6]thiophenes is a useful means of preparing some otherwise inaccessible alkyl-substituted phenols [e.g., Eq. (15)].015 Various p-methoxyphenylbenzo[6]thiophenes have been employed similarly to prepare the corresponding hydroxydiphenyl-alkanes.464 Catalytic hydrodesulfurization of a-alkyl-/ -(3-benzo[6]-thienyl)propionic acids affords a convenient method of preparing a,y-disubstituted y-phenylbutyric acids.636 Treatment of / -(3-benzo[6]thienyl)acrylic acid with Raney nickel alloy, sodium meth-oxide, and deuterium oxide affords the deuterated acid (366).667... 

Benzene, alkyl subs, 85, 87, 89, 223 Benzene, bromo subs, 85 Benzene, chloro subs, 85, 87, 223, 293 Benzene, cyano subs, 88 Benzene, disubs (mixed ligands) 86, 89 Benzene, hydroxy subs (phenols) 85, 83, 84, 85... 

Table 2.15 summarizes the main reactions of industrial interest in the liquid and vapor phases, the type of catalysts used, conversions and selectivities in the industrial processes. While O2 is the only oxidizing agent in the second sub-class (apart from the recent case of benzene hydroxylation to phenol using N2O as the oxidant), O2 and oxygen transfer agents (alkyl hydroperoxide or H2O2) are used in the liquid phase. 

Formation of sub-bituminous coal seems to involve O loss through conversion of dihydroxy phenolic units (catechols) to monohydroxy units (phenols and alkylphenols), as shown in Fig. 4.7, based on the simple distribution of pyrolysis products, which are dominated by phenol, ortho-cresol (2-methylphenol) and 2,4-dimethylphenol (Hatcher 1990). Oxygenated aliphatic structures (alkyl hydroxyls and ethers) seem to be absent. Figure 4.8 shows the types of units present at various stages of biochemical coalification, based on a random hgnin polymer. 

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