5- Alkoxy-4-halogen

Eine interessante nukleophile Substitutionsreaktion wurde mit Nitro-benzofurazan-l-oxiden beobachtet. Wird 4-Nitro-benzofurazan-l-oxid mit alkoholischer Hypohalogenit-Losung um-gesetzt, erhalt man nach einer im Prinzip lange bekannten Reaktionsweise240 5-Alkoxy-4-halogen-benzofurazan-1-oxide (Halogen-Aikoxy-Substitution)238 239 ... 

Introduction of an additional substituent such as alkyl, alkoxy, halogen, etc. at 3 -position has a large effect on color. That is, green color changes to red color when there is a tertiary amino group at 2 -position. Thus, 2 -dibenzylamino-6 -diethylamino-3 -methylfluoran (47 R1 = H, R2 = CH3 ),40 2 -dibenzylamino-6 -diethylamino-3 -ethylfluoran (47 R1 = H, R2 = C2H 5),34 3 -chloro-2 -dibenzylamino-6 -diethylaminofluoran (47 R1 = H, R2 = Cl),34 6 -((V-ethyl-4-methylanilino)-3 -methyl-2 -((V-methylanilino)flu-... 

Other classes of silanes, namely alkoxy, halogenated, and other silanes [3, 9], are known to react with —OH containing compounds, and, therefore, should also function as adhesion promoters or surface modifiers for —OH containing substrates. Texas Instruments, for example, employed a 2% xylene solution of phenyltrichlorosilane to provide resist image adhesion to various oxide wafer substrates [10]. References 3, 9, and 10 describe many of these materials applied to silicone dioxide substrates. As for HMDS treatment, ESCA evidence of reactions to verify covalent bonding to surface silanol groups will be provided in... 

Tin hydrides that are internally activated have also proved extremely useful for the mild reduction of a wide range of ketones containing alkoxy, halogen and alkyne groups (equation 58)217. Careful choice of solvent is needed in order to eliminate halogen reduction. 

R = H, Ci 4 alkyl, or alkoxy, halogen R- R = methylenedioxy, ethylenedioxy, methylenoxy = methyleneoxy... 

Nevertheless, some substituted phenothiazines 46 (R = H, alkyl, alkoxy, halogen X = halogen) were synthesized by the reaction of tetrahalophthalonitriles 45 (X = halogen) with 2-aminothiophenol metal salts 44 (99JAP(K)171878) (Scheme 23). 

Structural modifications of polyaniline have mainly been exploited to achieve improved processability and environmental stability. In general, the substituted polyanilines can be obtained via oxidative polymerization of the corresponding monomer. However, inductive and steric effects can make such monomers difficult to polymerize [42]. Several substituted polyanilines have been prepared by varying the nature (alkyl, alkoxy, halogen, etc.) and the position (2- vs 3-, 5-positions) of the substituent [24, 27-32, 34, 37, 43, 44]. These studies have shown that regardless of the nature and position of the substituent group, there is an adverse effect on polymerization and the properties of the polymer such as conductivity and electroactivity. To overcome these limitations, various synthetic methods have been developed to prepare self-doped sulfonated polyanilines. These methods involve controlled postpolymerization modifications by synthetic reactions on the whole polymer and copolymerization of less reactive monomers with aniline as described below. 

The Z substituent on silicon may be alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, halogen, in any combination (Seyferth and Nivert, 1977a). Product yields are excellent. 

One of the virtues of the Fischer indole synthesis is that it can frequently be used to prepare indoles having functionalized substituents. This versatility extends beyond the range of very stable substituents such as alkoxy and halogens and includes esters, amides and hydroxy substituents. Table 7.3 gives some examples. These include cases of introduction of 3-acetic acid, 3-acetamide, 3-(2-aminoethyl)- and 3-(2-hydroxyethyl)- side-chains, all of which are of special importance in the preparation of biologically active indole derivatives. Entry 11 is an efficient synthesis of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin. A noteworthy feature of the reaction is the... 

A central core of benzene rings is linked by a fuactioaal group X. The most common end groups at the para sites, and R2, are alkyl (—C H2 ) or alkoxy (—OC H2 + ), or acyl chains C SI NO2 cinnamate (—CH=CHCOOC H2 ) or halogens. Cyclohexane rings can sometimes replace one or more of the benzene rings without loss of Hquid crystallinity. 

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